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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering
ISSN 2095-9184 (print), ISSN 2095-9230 (online)
2021 Vol.22 No.4 P.609-614
Low-cost high-order-mode cavity backed slot array antenna using empty substrate integrated waveguide for the 5G n260 band
Abstract: A low-cost slot array antenna is proposed for fifth-generation wireless communication (5G) n260 band applications. The antenna is based on the low-cost printed circuit board (PCB) material FR-4. Empty substrate-integrated waveguide is used to avoid high dielectric loss. High-order-mode cavities are introduced to reduce the complexity of the feeding network. The proposed antenna shows a maximum realized gain of 27 dBi with a radiation efficiency of 72.4%. The measurement and simulation results achieve good agreement. The proposed antenna can be a good candidate for low-cost millimeter-wave (mmWave) wireless communication systems.
Key words:
1北京邮电大学电子工程学院，中国北京市，100876
2智能监控北京市重点实验室，中国北京市，100876
3泛网无线通信教育部重点实验室，中国北京市，100876
概要：毫米波天线设计面临高增益、宽带、低成本等诸多挑战，在该频段基片集成波导（Substrate Integrated Waveguide，SIW）由于其辐射损耗低和易集成的优势而被广泛应用。然而在毫米波频段SIW的介质损耗直接降低了天线辐射效率，若采用低损耗介质材料会导致较高的制造成本。基片集成空腔波导（Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide，ESIW）结构通过去除SIW中介质，可实现电磁波低损耗传输，在毫米波频段具有广阔应用前景。本文面向5G n260频段应用，提出一款采用低成本FR-4 PCB板材设计的缝隙天线阵。天线采用基片集成空腔波导结构设计，消除了介质损耗，并引入高次模腔体结构，减小馈电网络复杂度，在保证天线性能前提下，实现了毫米波天线低成本制造，为低成本毫米波天线设计提供了技术参考。
天线由5层FR-4 PCB板组成，从顶层往下依次为缝隙辐射层、高次模腔体层、耦合缝隙层、功分馈电网络层以及同轴馈电层。天线底部由2.4 mm同轴馈电，通过ESIW功分馈电网络，缝隙耦合激励4×4个腔体中的TE340模式，每个TE340模式的腔体通过顶层的3×4个缝隙辐射，形成12×16的缝隙阵列。每层PCB板都将ESIW部分的介质去除并进行内壁覆铜处理，加工完成的PCB板通过周围的定位孔用螺钉组装。给出了测试S参数与仿真S参数以及测试增益与仿真增益的对比结果。S参数−8 dB带宽可覆盖n260的37–40 GHz频率范围。测试的最大实际增益为27 dBi，通过与仿真的方向性系数对比，可估计得到天线辐射效率约为72.4%。从天线在37、38、39、40 GHz处的辐射方向图看，测试的方向图与仿真结果具有很好一致性。
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Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion
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DOI:
10.1631/FITEE.2000503
CLC number:
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On-line Access:
2024-08-27
Received:
2023-10-17
Revision Accepted:
2024-05-08
Crosschecked:
2021-03-15