Abstract: We propose a new method to design crossovers by employing an embedded homogeneous cylindrical lens (HCL). Compared with traditional crossover designs, this strategy introduces an HCL within the air-filled substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) crossover cavity to direct the incident waves in the desired direction. According to ray-tracing analysis, the added HCL can efficiently concentrate the electromagnetic wave propagating from the input to the output without increasing the fabrication complexity or footprint. The operating mechanism of this method is elaborated in detail, and is further verified by E-field distributions. Using the air-filled SIW technology, two-, three-, and four-channel crossovers operating at the millimeter-wave are developed and fabricated to demonstrate the practical feasibility of the proposed method. Some transitional structures are designed for experimental purposes. It is found that the simulated fractional bandwidths (FBWs) related to two-, three-, and four-channel air-filled SIW crossovers are 33%, 14%, and 10%, respectively; the dimensions of their core areas are 0.74λ×0.74λ, 1.43λ×1.43λ, and 1.90λ×1.90λ, respectively. Comparisons between our method and similar approaches in the literature illustrate the advantages of our method.

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