Abstract: A metamaterial was introduced into the cover of a patch antenna and its band structure was analyzed. The metamaterial cover with correct selection of the working frequency increases by 9.14 dB the patch antenna’s directivity. The mechanism of metamaterial cover is completely different from that of a photonic bandgap cover. The mechanism of the metamaterial cover, the number of the cover’s layers, and the distance between the layers, were analyzed in detail. The results showed that the metamaterial cover, which works like a lens, could effectively improve the patch antenna’s directivity. The physical reasons for the improvement are also given.

Key words: Metamaterial, Patch antenna, FDTD, Plane wave expansion method

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