Abstract: By considering the static voltage characteristic of the load, we propose a WAMS/SCADA mixed nonlinear method to estimate the voltage of unobservable buses caused by topology change or phasor measurement unit (PMU) malfunction in a power system. By modeling the load characteristic with data from SCADA, we employed the Gauss-Seidel method to solve the nonlinear equations and estimate the voltage of unobservable buses with the high precision voltages of neighboring buses measured by a PMU. Simulations were carried out on the IEEE 39-bus system, and the results show that this novel method can dynamically and accurately trace the variation of the voltage phasor of the unobservable buses.

Key words: Wide area measurement system (WAMS), Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system, Observability, Dynamic tracing, Nonlinear equation

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