Abstract: Two experimental tests of three-storied reinforced concrete structural walls having large openings were performed. Based on an original macro model, a multiple modified macro-model was proposed to develop a simple method to design a reinforced concrete structural wall with large openings and various opening locations. The interaction between reinforcement ties and concrete struts formed along the perimeter of openings was neglected in the original model. However, the strut-and-tie node was proposed to take account of such interaction in the proposed model. The predicted behavior of two specimens using such a proposed model was compared with the experimental results. It is shown that the behavior of structural walls with large openings could be modeled well using the proposed model. Moreover, the study indicates that the proposed model is applicable even in cases of multi-story structural walls having large openings and various opening locations.

Key words: Structural wall, Shear behavior, Multiple modified macro model, Various opening locations, Opening ratio

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