Abstract: The resilient modulus, accumulated plastic strain, peak shear stress, and critical shear stress are the elastoplastic behaviors of frozen sand–concrete interfaces under cyclic shear loading. They reflect the bearing capacity of buildings (e.g. high-speed railways) in both seasonal frozen and permafrost regions. This study describes a series of direct shear experiments conducted on frozen sand–concrete interfaces. The results indicated that the elastoplastic behaviors of frozen sand–concrete interfaces, including the resilient modulus, accumulated plastic strain, and shear strength, are influenced by the boundary conditions (constant normal loading and constant normal height), initial normal stress, negative temperature, and cyclic-loading amplitude. The resilient modulus was significantly correlated with the initial normal stress and negative temperature, but not with the cyclic-loading amplitude and loading cycles. The accumulated plastic shear strain increased when the initial normal stress and cyclic-loading amplitude increased and the temperature decreased. Moreover, the accumulated plastic shear strain increment decreased when the loading cycles increased. The accumulated direction also varied with changes in the initial normal stress, negative temperature, and cyclic-loading amplitude. The peak shear stress of the frozen sand–concrete interface was affected by the initial normal stress, negative temperature, cyclic-loading amplitude, and boundary conditions. Nevertheless, a correlation was observed between the critical shear stress and the initial normal stress and boundary conditions. The peak shear stress was higher, and the critical shear stress was lower under the constant normal height boundary condition. Based on the results, it appears that the properties of frozen sand–concrete interfaces, including plastic deformation properties and stress strength properties, are influenced by cyclic shear stress. These results provide valuable information for the investigation of constitutive models of frozen soil–structure interfaces.

Key words: Frozen sand–concrete interface; Cyclic direct shear test; Elastoplastic behavior; Direction of accumulated plastic strain; Boundary condition

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