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Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A
ISSN 1673-565X(Print), 1862-1775(Online), Monthly
2025 Vol.26 No.1 P.1-20
Co-removal potential of heavy metals and dyes from wastewater by simultaneous adsorption with biomass residue formed from microbial treatment of lacquer residue
Abstract: This study aims to optimize the use of lacquer residue biomass (LBM). We investigated the ability of LBM to remove Pb2+ heavy metal ions and the typical cationic dye methylene blue (MB) and anionic dye Congo red (CR) by simultaneous adsorption from composite systems, as well as the relevant factors. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize adsorption behavior. The adsorption kinetics of Pb2+-MB/CR composite systems can be effectively characterized by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2>0.97). In the Pb2+-MB composite system, adsorption was antagonistic with similar adsorption sites. However, in the Pb2+-CR composite system, we found that adsorption was synergistic with different adsorption sites, which led to a higher simultaneous adsorption capacity for a higher initial Pb2+-CR concentration, unlike the Pb2+-MB system. In both composite systems, an appropriate increase in LBM dosage and system temperature within a certain range was conducive to simultaneous adsorption and removal of Pb2+-MB/CR composite systems. The optimal solid–liquid ratio and temperature were 1∶75 and 30°C, respectively. The adsorption and removal rates of Pb2+ and MB were 99.98% and 90.49%, respectively, and those of Pb2+ and CR were 93.99% and 77.39%, respectively, in (50, 50) mg/L of Pb2+-MB/CR composite systems under these conditions. Adsorption removal of Pb2+ and MB improved with higher pH levels, and worsened with the increase of ionic strength in the solution, while the removal rate of CR showed an opposite trend. The coexisting anion and cation types had limited influence on the simultaneous adsorption removal of Pb2+, MB, and CR. The results of desorption showed that LBM can be utilized as a disposable material for simultaneously treating Pb2+-MB/CR composite systems. The simultaneous adsorption mechanisms of Pb2+-MB/CR mainly involved hydrogen bonding, π–π bonding interaction, and electrostatic interaction.
Key words: Lacquer residue biomass (LBM); Lead; Methylene blue (MB); Congo red (CR); Simultaneous adsorption removal
机构：1浙江大学，环境与资源学院，浙江省农业资源与环境重点实验室，中国杭州，310058；2环境与资源国家级实验教学示范中心（浙江大学），中国杭州，310058；3宁波费尔诺生物科技有限公司，中国宁波，315502
目的：本文旨在探究漆渣生物质（LBM）对Pb2+和染料甲基蓝（MB）或刚果红（CR）两者的同步去除能力以及之间存在的竞争吸附行为，从而揭示其应用潜力，以期为印染废水中重金属和染料复合污染的同步处理提供一种廉价易得且绿色环保的生物质材料，实现以废治废的目标和废弃物资源化利用。
创新点：1.发现LBM可作为同步去除重金属和染料复合污染（Pb2+-MB/CR）的新型吸附材料；2.揭示氢键作用、络合作用、π-π键相互作用和静电作用等是LBM与Pb2+和染料MB或CR间的主要作用机制。
方法：1.通过单因素实验分析，探究LBM同步吸附去除Pb2+-MB/CR复合体系的能力及其影响作用，并分析其吸附动力学、等温吸附及吸附热力学特征；2.以吸附能力之比Rq,i（公式(9)）对Pb2+和MB或CR之间的相互作用进行评估，并以常见的共存阴阳离子为例探究其对Pb2+-MB/CR复合体系吸附的作用；3.对复合体系的吸附态分别采用三种不同解吸剂进行解吸，了解LBM吸附态的稳定性及LBM在吸附后的再生循环利用潜力；4.通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）及傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）表征其吸附行为。
结论：1.准二级动力学模型（R2>0.97）可以描述Pb2+-MB/CR复合体系的吸附动力学；在两种体系中，在一定范围内适当增加LBM的投加量和体系温度有利于Pb2+-MB/CR复合体系的吸附；最佳固液比和温度分别为1:75和30 °C；对Pb2+和MB的吸附去除率随着pH的升高而升高，随着溶液中离子强度的增加而降低，而对CR的去除率则相反。2.在Pb2+-MB复合体系中，吸附呈拮抗关系，而在Pb2+-CR复合体系中，两者存在协同吸附过程；上述两种体系中，共存阴阳离子对同步吸附去除Pb2+、MB和CR的影响有限。3.解吸结果表明，LBM可作为一次性材料同时处理Pb2+-MB/CR复合体系。4. LBM的结构以及各种无机和有机成分对Pb2+-MB/CR复合体系的同步吸附做出贡献；表征结果显示两种复合体系的吸附主要受氢键作用、络合作用、π-π键相互作用和静电作用等共同控制。
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DOI:
10.1631/jzus.A2400271
CLC number:
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On-line Access:
2025-01-21
Received:
2024-05-24
Revision Accepted:
2024-08-04
Crosschecked:
2025-01-21