Estrogen upregulates DNA2 expression through the PI3K-AKT pathway in endometrial carcinoma
Xinyan WANG, Xiuling XU, Ting ZHANG, Yang JIN, Sheng XU, Lifeng CHEN, Yucheng LAI, Ling ZHANG, Ruolang PAN, Yan YU
Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China; Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China; Key Laboratory of Cell-Based Drug and Applied Technology Development in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311122, China; Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Hangzhou 311122, China
panrl@zju.edu.cn, m05yuyan1@zju.edu.cn
Abstract: Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy, affecting up to 3% of women at some point during their lifetime (Morice et al., 2016; Li and Wang, 2021). Based on the pathogenesis and biological behavioral characteristics, endometrial cancer can be divided into estrogen-dependent (I) and non-estrogen-dependent (II) types (Ulrich, 2011). Type I accounts for approximately 80% of cases, of which the majority are endometrioid carcinomas, and the remaining are mucinous adenocarcinomas (Setiawan et al., 2013). It is generally recognized that long-term stimulation by high estrogen levels with the lack of progesterone antagonism is the most important risk factor; meanwhile, there is no definite conclusion on the specific pathogenesis. The incidence of endometrial cancer has been on the rise during the past two decades (Constantine et al., 2019; Gao et al., 2022; Luo et al., 2022). Moreover, the development of assisted reproductive technology and antiprogestin therapy following breast cancer surgery has elevated the risk of developing type I endometrial cancer to a certain extent (Vassard et al., 2019). Therefore, investigating the influence of estrogen in type I endometrial cancer may provide novel concepts for risk assessment and adjuvant therapy, and at the same time, provide a basis for research on new drugs to treat endometrial cancer.