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Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B

ISSN 1673-1581(Print), 1862-1783(Online), Monthly

New characteristics of cancer immunotherapy: trends in viral tumor immunotherapy with influenza virus-based approaches

Abstract: Immunomodulatory cancer therapy is witnessing the rise of viral immunotherapy. The oncolytic influenza A virus, although promising in preclinical investigations, remains to be implemented in clinical practice. Recent progress in genetic engineering, coupled with experiential insights, offers opportunities to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the influenza A virus. This review explores the use of the influenza virus, its attenuated forms, and associated vaccines in cancer immunotherapy, highlighting their respective advantages and challenges. We further elucidate methods for engineering influenza viruses and innovative approaches to augment them with cytokines or immune checkpoint inhibitors, aiming to maximize their clinical impact. Our goal is to provide insights essential for refining influenza A virus-based viral tumor immunotherapies.

Key words: Oncolytic virus; Influenza A virus; Antitumor; Reverse genetic technology; Vaccine; Viral immunotherapy

Chinese Summary  <3> 肿瘤免疫治疗的新特点:基于流感病毒的病毒肿瘤免疫治疗的发展趋势

胡世瑶1,3,蔡依琪2,沈泳1,3,邵营宽1,3,杜雨棽3,陈益定1,3
1浙江大学医学院附属第二医院乳腺外科,中国杭州市,310009
2浙江大学生命科学学院,中国杭州市,310058
3浙江大学医学院附属第二医院肿瘤研究所(教育部肿瘤预防与干预重点实验室),中国杭州市,310009
摘要:近年来,病毒免疫疗法作为癌症免疫调节治疗的新兴领域备受关注。尽管甲型流感溶瘤病毒在临床前研究中展现出显著抗肿瘤潜力,但其临床转化仍面临诸多挑战。随着基因编辑技术的突破性进展与实验经验的积累,研究者们已着手通过多维度策略提升该病毒的治疗效能。本文系统地综述了甲型流感病毒及其减毒株与相关疫苗在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用,并重点剖析了其独特优势与现存挑战。同时,我们深入探讨病毒工程化改造的核心技术,阐述其与细胞因子和免疫检查点抑制剂等治疗模块的协同增效机制,以期为突破现有临床疗效瓶颈提供新思路。通过整合前沿研究成果,本文旨在为优化基于甲型流感病毒的肿瘤免疫疗法提供新策略。

关键词组:溶瘤病毒;甲型流感病毒;抗肿瘤;反向基因技术;疫苗;病毒免疫治疗


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DOI:

10.1631/jzus.B2400381

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On-line Access:

2025-06-25

Received:

2024-07-23

Revision Accepted:

2024-11-11

Crosschecked:

2025-06-25

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