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Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B

ISSN 1673-1581(Print), 1862-1783(Online), Monthly

Exploiting targeted degradation of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases for cancer therapeutics: a review

Abstract: Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have been recognized as essential regulators of the intricate cell cycle, orchestrating DNA replication and transcription, RNA splicing, and protein synthesis. Dysregulation of the CDK pathway is prevalent in the development and progression of human cancers, rendering cyclins and CDKs attractive therapeutic targets. Several CDK4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated promising anti-cancer efficacy and have been successfully translated into clinical use, fueling the development of CDK-targeted therapies. With this enthusiasm for finding novel CDK-targeting anti-cancer agents, there have also been exciting advances in the field of targeted protein degradation through innovative strategies, such as using proteolysis-targeting chimera, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)‍-mediated targeting chimera, hydrophobic tag-based protein degradation, and molecular glue. With a focus on the translational potential of cyclin- and CDK-targeting strategies in cancer, this review presents the fundamental roles of cyclins and CDKs in cancer. Furthermore, it summarizes current strategies for the proteasome-dependent targeted degradation of cyclins and CDKs, detailing the underlying mechanisms of action for each approach. A comprehensive overview of the structure and activity of existing CDK degraders is also provided. By examining the structure‍‒‍activity relationships, target profiles, and biological effects of reported cyclin/CDK degraders, this review provides a valuable reference for both CDK pathway-targeted biomedical research and cancer therapeutics.

Key words: Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK); Cyclin; Protein degrader; Targeted protein degradation

Chinese Summary  <16> 靶向降解细胞周期蛋白和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶作为癌症的治疗策略:综述

郑素雅1,2,3,陈烨1,2,4,诸志鹏3,李楠1,2,3,何春雨3,H. Phillip KOEFFLER5,韩欣6,魏启春7,8,徐良3,4,7
1浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院肿瘤外科,中国杭州市,310052
2国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心,儿童肿瘤研究中心,中国杭州市,310052
3浙江大学生命科学学院生物化学研究所,中国杭州市,310058
4浙江大学癌症研究院,中国杭州市,310058
5西达赛奈医学中心血液与肿瘤科,美国洛杉矶,加州90048
6浙江大学医学院附属第二医院肿瘤研究所(肿瘤预防与干预教育部重点实验室)和浙江大学转化医学研究院,中国杭州市,310009
7浙江大学医学院附属第二医院肿瘤放射科(肿瘤预防与干预教育部重点实验室,浙江省医学分子生物学重点实验室),中国杭州市,310009
8浙江省肿瘤临床医学研究中心,中国杭州市,310009
摘要:细胞异常增殖是癌症的主要特征。细胞周期蛋白(Cyclin)和细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK)精密调控细胞周期,并参与DNA复制和转录、RNA剪接,以及蛋白质合成等关键过程。CDK信号通路失调在人类癌症的发生发展中广泛存在,这使得Cyclin与CDK蛋白成为极具潜力的治疗靶点。目前,多种CDK4/6抑制剂已展现出显著的抗癌疗效,并成功应用于临床,进一步推动了CDK靶向疗法的发展。伴随着CDK靶向抗癌药物研发的热潮,CDK靶向蛋白降解技术也取得了突破性进展,包括蛋白水解靶向嵌合体(proteolysis-targeting chimera)、HSP90介导的靶向嵌合体(HSP90-mediated targeting chimera)、疏水标签蛋白降解技术(hydrophobic tag)和分子胶(molecular glue)等。本综述聚焦Cyclin和CDK靶向策略及其临床转化,系统阐述了它们在癌症中的生物学功能,并总结了依赖蛋白酶体途径的Cyclin和CDK靶向降解的技术及作用原理。同时,本文系统梳理了现有的CDK降解剂的结构特征与活性,旨在通过分析其构效关系、靶标选择性与生物学效应,为CDK信号通路相关生物医学研究及癌症治疗提供重要参考。

关键词组:细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(CDK);细胞周期蛋白;蛋白降解剂;靶向蛋白降解


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DOI:

10.1631/jzus.B2500021

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On-line Access:

2025-08-25

Received:

2025-01-12

Revision Accepted:

2025-07-07

Crosschecked:

2025-08-25

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