Abstract: Software-defined networking (SDN) enables the network virtualization through SDN hypervisors to share the underlying physical SDN network among multiple logically isolated virtual SDN networks (vSDNs), each with its own controller. The vSDN embedding, which refers to mapping a number of vSDNs to the same substrate SDN network, is a key problem in the SDN virtualization environment. However, due to the distinctions of the SDN, such as the logically centralized controller and different virtualization technologies, most of the existing embedding algorithms cannot be applied directly to SDN virtualization. In this paper, we consider controller placement and virtual network embedding as a joint vSDN embedding problem, and formulate it into an integer linear programming with objectives of minimizing the embedding cost and the controller-to-switch delay for each vSDN. Moreover, we propose a novel online vSDN embedding algorithm called CO-vSDNE, which consists of a node mapping stage and a link mapping stage. In the node mapping stage, CO-vSDNE maps the controller and the virtual nodes to the substrate nodes on the basis of the controller-to-switch delay and takes into account the subsequent link mapping at the same time. In the link mapping stage, CO-vSDNE adopts the k-shortest path algorithm to map the virtual links. The evaluation results with simulation and Mininet emulation show that the proposed CO-vSDNE not only significantly increases the long-term revenue to the cost ratio and acceptance ratio while guaranteeing low average and maximum controller-to-switch delay, but also achieves good vSDN performance in terms of end-to-end delay and throughput.

Key words: Software-defined networking (SDN), Network virtualization, Controller placement, Virtual network embedding, Coordination

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