Full Text:   <762>

Summary:  <206>

Suppl. Mater.: 

CLC number: 

On-line Access: 2024-08-27

Received: 2023-10-17

Revision Accepted: 2024-05-08

Crosschecked: 2024-06-27

Cited: 0

Clicked: 1006

Citations:  Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714

 ORCID:

Liang LU

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-330X

Zhipeng WANG

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4632-9170

-   Go to

Article info.
Open peer comments

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A 2024 Vol.25 No.6 P.455-469

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A2300114


Geometrical transition properties of vortex cavitation and associated flow-choking characteristics in poppet valves


Author(s):  Liang LU, Zhongdong LIANG, Yuming LIU, Zhipeng WANG, Shohei RYU

Affiliation(s):  School of Mechanical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China; more

Corresponding email(s):   wangzhipeng@tongji.edu.cn

Key Words:  Poppet valves, Vena contracta, Vortex flow, Vapor cavity, Flow-choking


Liang LU, Zhongdong LIANG, Yuming LIU, Zhipeng WANG, Shohei RYU. Geometrical transition properties of vortex cavitation and associated flow-choking characteristics in poppet valves[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 2024, 25(6): 455-469.

@article{title="Geometrical transition properties of vortex cavitation and associated flow-choking characteristics in poppet valves",
author="Liang LU, Zhongdong LIANG, Yuming LIU, Zhipeng WANG, Shohei RYU",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science A",
volume="25",
number="6",
pages="455-469",
year="2024",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.A2300114"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Geometrical transition properties of vortex cavitation and associated flow-choking characteristics in poppet valves
%A Liang LU
%A Zhongdong LIANG
%A Yuming LIU
%A Zhipeng WANG
%A Shohei RYU
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A
%V 25
%N 6
%P 455-469
%@ 1673-565X
%D 2024
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.A2300114

TY - JOUR
T1 - Geometrical transition properties of vortex cavitation and associated flow-choking characteristics in poppet valves
A1 - Liang LU
A1 - Zhongdong LIANG
A1 - Yuming LIU
A1 - Zhipeng WANG
A1 - Shohei RYU
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science A
VL - 25
IS - 6
SP - 455
EP - 469
%@ 1673-565X
Y1 - 2024
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
ER -
DOI - 10.1631/jzus.A2300114


Abstract: 
poppet valves have become increasingly significant in ensuring precise digital flow rate and pressure control in hydraulic systems, necessitating a more profound understanding of the geometrical properties of cavitation in them, as well as associated flow-choking conditions. Through a comparative analysis with experimentally observed cavity images, we found that large eddy simulation (LES) turbulence modeling effectively replicates the geometrical properties of cavitation in these valves. The analysis demonstrated that cavitation is generated from vortices that result from the interaction between the notch contracta flow and the surrounding fluid structure. Variations in the internal or external vena contracta conditions result in fixed or discrete cavities, and the length-to-diameter ratio serves as a measure of the transition between internal and external vena contracta flow properties. This study establishes a threshold length-to-diameter ratio of approximately 2 for the tested poppet valves. More specifically, in notch structures with a smaller valve opening, longer sealing length, and smaller throttling angle (corresponding to a larger length-to-diameter ratio), the liquid-to-vapor transfer process is more evident than that in the reverse direction. A long-standing vapor cavity becomes fixed inside the notch, leading to a more pronounced flow-choking phenomenon. In contrast, for structures with a smaller length-to-diameter ratio, the cavitation process for discrete vapor cavities is more complete, ensuring fluid flow continuity and significantly reducing the occurrence of the flow-choking phenomenon.

锥阀漩涡空化几何形态变迁与流量饱和特性

作者:陆亮1,2,梁中栋1,刘禹明1,王志鹏2,Shohei RYU3
机构:1同济大学,机械与能源工程学院,中国上海,201804;2同济大学,教育部自主智能无人系统前沿科学中心,中国上海,201210;3日立建机株式会社,技术研究实验室,日本土浦,300-0013
目的:伴随数字阀在流体控制中日益体现的高端品质,锥阀作为数字阀的主要阀芯结构,其空化与流量饱和问题日益受到重视。本文借助实验与仿真手段,旨在揭示漩涡空化成形机理及其伴随孔口长径比形态变迁的物理规律,以及大尺度空化对流量饱和的影响特性,为高品质锥阀结构设计提供基础依据。
创新点:1.应用流束收缩理论定义锥阀固定型与离散型空化的漩涡成型机理与形态变迁规律;2.使用大涡模拟合理复现空化形态并揭示空化对流量饱和的影响规律。
方法:1.通过可视化实验,获得锥阀空化的几何形态,并验证数值模型的合理性;2.通过数值计算,研究空化形态随锥阀结构的变化规律;3.利用阀口开度、密封长度和阀芯半锥角三个参数定义长径比无量纲指标,衡量空化形态与流量饱和特性的变化规律。
结论:1.锥阀阀口流束内外收缩性质的不同,导致阀口内部固定漩涡与阀口下游离散漩涡的差异,进而形成固定漩涡空化和离散漩涡空化的形态区别。2.使用阀口开度、密封长度和阀芯半锥角定义阀口等效长径比,可用于评价空化几何形态的变迁规律。3.固定漩涡空化对流量饱和的影响程度较大;离散漩涡空化因完整的溃灭过程而对流量饱和影响较小。

关键词:锥阀;流束收缩;漩涡流动;蒸汽空穴;流量饱和

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

Reference

[1]AltimiraM, FuchsL, 2015. Numerical investigation of throttle flow under cavitating conditions. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 75:124-136.

[2]BrennenCE, 2014. Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, p.10-22.

[3]ChiavolaO, FrattiniE, PalmieriF, et al., 2019. Poppet valve performance under cavitating conditions. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2191(1):020045.

[4]FiloG, LisowskiE, RajdaJ, 2021. Design and flow analysis of an adjustable check valve by means of CFD method. Energies, 14(8):2237.

[5]FinnemoreEJ, FranziniJB, 2002. Fluid Mechanics with Engineering Applications. 10th Edition. McGraw-Hill Education, New York, USA, p.505.

[6]GaoQ, ZhuYC, ChenXM, et al., 2019. CFD simulation on flow field of a large flow rate high speed on/off valve. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Fluid Power and Mechatronics, p.224-230.

[7]GaoQ, ZhuY, LiuJH, 2022. Dynamics modelling and control of a novel fuel metering valve actuated by two binary-coded digital valve arrays. Machines, 10(1):55.

[8]GhosalS, MoinP, 1995. The basic equations for the large eddy simulation of turbulent flows in complex geometry. Journal of Computational Physics, 118(1):24-37.

[9]HanMX, LiuYS, WuDF, et al., 2017. A numerical investigation in characteristics of flow force under cavitation state inside the water hydraulic poppet valves. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 111:1-16.

[10]HaoQH, WuWR, TianGT, 2022. Study on reducing both flow force and cavitation in poppet valves. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 236(23):11160-11179.

[11]HinzeJO, 1975. Turbulence. McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.

[12]HuoJL, LuanXY, GongYW, et al., 2021. Numerical study of bund overtopping phenomena after a catastrophic tank failure using the axisymmetric approach. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 153:464-471.

[13]IravaniM, ToghraieD, 2020. Design a high-pressure test system to investigate the performance characteristics of ball valves in a compressible choked flow. Measurement, 151:107200.

[14]KumagaiK, RyuS, OtaM, et al., 2016. Investigation of poppet valve vibration with cavitation. International Journal of Fluid Power, 17(1):15-24.

[15]LiBB, ZhaoQ, LiHY, et al., 2021. Analysis method of the cavitation vibration signals in poppet valve based on EEMD. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 13(2):1687814021998114.

[16]LuL, ZouJ, FuX, et al., 2009. Cavitating flow in non-circular opening spool valves with U-grooves. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 223(10):2297-2307.

[17]LuL, XieSH, YinYB, et al., 2020. Experimental and numerical analysis on the surge instability characteristics of the vortex flow produced large vapor cavity in u-shape notch spool valve. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 146:118882.

[18]LuL, XuYP, LiMR, et al., 2022. Analysis of fretting wear behavior of unloading valve of gasoline direct injection high pressure pump. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 23:314-328.

[19]LuL, WangJ, LiMR, et al., 2022. Experimental and numerical analysis on vortex cavitation morphological characteristics in u-shape notch spool valve and the vortex cavitation coupled choked flow conditions. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 189:122707.

[20]ManninenM, TaivassaloV, KallioS, 1996. On the Mixture Model for Multiphase Flow. Technical Report No. VTT-PUB-288, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland.

[21]MartelliM, GessiS, MassarottiGP, et al., 2017. On peculiar flow characteristics in hydraulic orifices. ASME/BATH Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control, Article V001T001A057.

[22]MinW, WangHY, ZhengZ, et al., 2020. Visual experimental investigation on the stability of pressure regulating poppet valve. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 234(12):2329-2348.

[23]NicoudF, DucrosF, 1999. Subgrid-scale stress modelling based on the square of the velocity gradient tensor. Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 62(3):183-200.

[24]NourazarS, SafaviM, 2017. Two-dimensional large-eddy simulation of density-current flow propagating up a slope. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 143(9):04017035.

[25]PanM, PlummerA, 2018. Digital switched hydraulics. Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering, 13(2):225-231.

[26]RoachePJ, 1998. Verification and Validation in Computational Science and Engineering. Hermosa Publishers, Albuquerque, USA.

[27]RoohiE, ZahiriAP, Passandideh-FardM, 2013. Numerical simulation of cavitation around a two-dimensional hydrofoil using VOF method and LES turbulence model. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 37(9):6469-6488.

[28]SchnerrGH, SauerJ, 2001. Physical and numerical modeling of unsteady cavitation dynamics. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Multiphase flow, p.1-12.

[29]SinghalAK, AthavaleMM, LiHY, et al., 2002. Mathematical basis and validation of the full cavitation model. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 124(3):617-624.

[30]StosiakM, SkačkauskasP, TowarnickiK, et al., 2023. Analysis of the impact of vibrations on a micro-hydraulic valve using a modified induction algorithm. Machines, 11(2):184.

[31]TamburranoP, PlummerAR, DistasoE, et al., 2019. A review of direct drive proportional electrohydraulic spool valves: industrial state-of-the-art and research advancements. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 141(2):020801.

[32]WangS, ZhangB, ZhongQ, et al., 2017. Study on control performance of pilot high-speed switching valve. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 9(7).

[33]YuanC, SongJC, LiuMH, 2019a. Investigation of flow dynamics and governing mechanism of choked flow for cavitating jet in a poppet valve. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 129:113-131.

[34]YuanC, SongJC, ZhuLS, et al., 2019b. Numerical investigation on cavitating jet inside a poppet valve with special emphasis on cavitation-vortex interaction. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 141:1009-1024.

[35]YuanC, ZhuLS, LiuSQ, et al., 2021. Examination of viscosity effect on cavitating flow inside poppet valves based on a numerical study. Applied Sciences, 11(23):11205.

[36]YuanC, ZhuLS, LiuSQ, et al., 2022. Numerical study on the cavitating flow through poppet valves concerning the influence of flow instability on cavitation dynamics. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 36(2):761-773.

[37]ZhangJH, WangD, XuB, et al., 2018. Experimental and numerical investigation of flow forces in a seat valve using a damping sleeve with orifices. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 19(6):417-430.

[38]ZwartPJ, GerberAG, BelamriT, 2004. A two-phase flow model for predicting cavitation dynamics. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Multiphase Flow, Article 152.

Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion

<1>

Please provide your name, email address and a comment





Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
Tel: +86-571-87952783; E-mail: cjzhang@zju.edu.cn
Copyright © 2000 - 2024 Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE