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Abstract: In this digital era, we have witness the exciting convergence of content, technology, and global collaboration in the development of digital libraries. The mode of universal access for information seeking and knowledge acquisition differs greatly from the traditional ways. From the information resources point of views, the old model of “owning” a collection has given way to “sharing,” and the new emphases have shifted from possessing large “physical libraries” to “virtual libraries” digitally distributed all over the world. “Universal access” has taken on a very different meaning when one has the ability to share invaluable resources through the use of cutting edge technologies. The author has experienced much of these traNSFormations through her own R&D activities—from the creation of interactive videodisc and multimedia CD on the First Emperor of China’s terracotta warriors and horses in the 1980s and 1990s to leading a current international digital library project, global Memory Net (GMNet), supported by the US National Science Foundation. In presenting her vision for linking world digital resources together for universal access, she will share with the audience the latest development of Global Memory Net.

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[2] Chen, C.C., 2004. The Promise of International Digital Library Collaboration for Innovative Use of Invaluable Resources (Keynote Speech). Proceedings of LIDA 2004 (Library in the Digital Age): Human Information Behaviour & Competences for Digital Libraries, Dubrovnik and Mljet Island, Croatia. University J. J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, p.7-15.

[3] Chen, C.C., 2005. Digital Libraries and Universal Access in the 21st Century: Realities and Potential for US China Collaboration (Invited Speech). Proceedings of The 3rd China-US Library Conference, Shanghai, China. National Library of China, Beijing, China, p.138-167.

[4] Chen, C.C., Kiernan, K. (Eds.), 2002. Report of the DELOS-NSF Working Group on digital Imagery for Significant Cultural and Historical Materials. http://dli2.nsf.gov/internationalprojects/working_group_reports/.

[5] Chen, C.C., Wang, J.Z., 2002. Large-scale Emperor Digital Library and Semantics-sensitive Region-based Retrieval. The Proceedings of Digital Library—IT Opportunities and Challenges in the New Millennium, Beijing, China. Beijing Library Press, Beijing, China, p.454-462.

[6] Chen, C.C., Wactlar, H.D., Wang, J.Z., Kiernan, K., 2005. Digital imagery for significant cultural and historical materials: An emerging research field bridging people, culture, and technologies. International Journal on Digital Libraries—Special Issue on EU-NSF Working Group Reports.

[7] Larsen, R., Wactlar, H. (Eds.), 2004. Knowledge Lost in Information: Report of the NSF Workshop on Research Directions for Digital Libraries. Chatham, MA. School of Information Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. http://www.sis.pitt.edu/%7Edlwkshop/report.pdf.

[8] PITAC (U.S. President’s Information Technology Advisory Committee), 2001. Digital Library Panel. Digital Libraries: Universal Access to Human Knowledge. http://www.nitrd.gov/pubs/pitac/pitac-dl-9feb01.pdf.

[9] Zhang, S.Q., Chen, C.C., 2005. Global Memory Net and the development of digital image information management system: Experience and practice. Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE, 6A(11):1216-1220.