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Abstract: A membrane bioreactor (MBR) was established for treating harbor oily wastewater. It showed good removal performance for chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil content, suspended solids (SS), and other pollutants. However, serious membrane fouling occurred. It was recognized that the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) accumulated on the membrane surface, especially the proteins, were of great importance for the transmembrane pressure (TMP) increment and membrane fouling. The MBR was optimized via improving aeration rate and reducing the ratio of A_r/A_d (A_r and A_d are the cross-sectional areas of the riser and the downcomer of the MBR). The increasing rate of TMP was slowed, indicating that the optimization strategy could effectively mitigate membrane fouling. microbial community evolution was monitored and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), cloning, and sequencing of 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) fragments. Results revealed that low community shift occurred during the whole operational period. Geobacter sp. and Rhodocyclales sp., which have also been identified by other studies in a petroleum refinery wastewater MBR or an infiltration basin receiving highway runoff, dominated in the MBR system throughout. Comamonas sp. was thought to accommodate the lower aeration rate in this study, while Rhodocyclales sp. preferred the higher aeration rate. In addition, during the operational time under high organic loading rate, a few species were present in abundance, and may have been responsible for the good removal performance at this time.

The authors described the establishment of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for the treatment of harbor oily wastewater, and investigated with different approaches the causes of membrane fouling, a severe limitation to the development of MBR technology. Particularly, the Authors explored the relationship among the numerous factors that can lead to membrane fouling, with the aim to identify the key factors in this complex mechanism. In particular, it was deeply explored the role of the extracellular polymeric substances, and examined their content and composition also in an optimized MBR system. In addition, an interesting characterization of the microbial population during the different operational stages was performed. The study is of interest since it has undoubtedly a great value from an application point of view. The study is well conducted and convincing, particularly thanks to the use of different complementary approaches that made it possible to disclose the crucial factors that determine the membraner fouling.

膜生物反应器处理港口含油废水的膜污染行为及群落结构演变研究

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