Similar articles

Abstract: In this study, two full-size concrete walls were tested and analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a chemically reactive enamel (CRE) coating in improving their mechanical behavior under blast loading: one with CRE-coated rebar and the other with uncoated rebar. Each wall was subjected in sequence to four explosive loads with equivalent 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) charge weights of 1.82, 4.54, 13.6, and 20.4 kg. A finite element model of each wall under a close-in blast load was developed and validated with pressure and strain measurements, and used to predict rebar stresses and concrete surface strain distributions of the wall. The test results and visual inspections consistently indicated that, compared with the barrier wall with uncoated reinforcement, the wall with CRE-coated rebar has fewer concrete cracks on the front and back faces, more effective stress transfers from concrete to steel rebar, and stronger connections with its concrete base. The concrete surface strain distributions predicted by the model under various loading conditions are in good agreement with the crack patterns observed during the tests.

活性瓷釉涂层钢筋混凝土防护墙抗爆性能研究

[1]CEB (Comité Euro-International du Béton), 1993. CEB-FIP Model Code. Redwood Books, Wiltshire, UK.

[2]Coughlin, A.M., Musselman, E.S., Schokker, A.J., et al., 2010. Behavior of portable fiber reinforced concrete vehicle barriers subject to blasts from contact charges. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 37(5):521-529.

[3]Day, D.C., Weiss, C.A., Malone, P., et al., 2006. Innovative method of bonding Portland cement concrete to steel using a porcelain interface. Materials Science and Technology (MS&T) Conference Proceedings, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, USA.

[4]DDESB (Department of Defense Explosives Safety Board), 1990. Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions, TM 5-1300. DDESB, Alexandria, VA, USA.

[5]Departments of the Army, Air Force, and Navy and the Defense Special Weapons Agency, 1997. Design and Analysis of Hardened Structures to Conventional Weapons Effects, TM 5-855-1/AFPAM 32-1147(I)/ NAVFAC P-1080/DAHSCWEMAN-97. Departments of the Army, Air Force, and Navy and the Defense Special Weapons Agency, Washington DC, USA.

[6]Hackler, C., Koenigstein, M., Malone, P., 2006. The use of porcelain enamel coatings on reinforcing steel to enhance the bond to concrete and steel surfaces. Materials Science and Technology (MS&T) Conference Proceedings, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, USA.

[7]Jalili, M.M., Moradian, S., Hosseinpour, D., 2009. The use of inorganic conversion coatings to enhance the corrosion resistance of reinforcement and the bond strength at the rebar/concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 23(1):233-238.

[8]Jiang, H., Zhao, J., 2015. Calibration of the continuous surface cap model for concrete. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 97:1-19.

[9]Jiang, H., Wang, X., He, S., 2012. Numerical simulation of impact tests on reinforced concrete beams. Materials and Design, 39:111-120.

[10]Kayali, O., Yeomans, S.R., 2000. Bond of ribbed galvanized reinforcing steel in concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites, 22(6):459-467.

[11]Kobayashi, K., Takewaka, K., 1984. Experimental studies on epoxy coated reinforcing steel for corrosion protection. International Journal of Cement Composites and Lightweight Concrete, 6(2):99-116.

[12]LSTC (Livermore Software Technology Corporation), 2015. LS-DYNA Keyword User’s Manual, R8.0. LSTC, USA.

[13]Mao, L., Barnett, S.J., Tyas, A., et al., 2015. Response of small scale ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete slabs to blast loading. Construction and Building Materials, 93:822-830.

[14]Mays, G.C., Smith, P.D., 1995. Blast Effects on Buildings– Design of Buildings to Optimize Resistance to Blast Loading. Thomas Telford, London, UK.

[15]Mindness, S., Young, J.F., Darwin, D., 2002. Concrete, 2nd Edition. Prentice Hall, USA.

[16]Moon, H.Y., Shin, D.G., Choi, D.S., 2007. Evaluation of the durability of mortar and concrete applied with inorganic coating material and surface treatment system. Construction and Building Materials, 21(2):362-369.

[17]NRC (National Research Council), 1927. International Critical Tables, Vol. 2. McGraw-Hill, Washington DC, USA, p.116.

[18]Selvaraj, R., Selvaraj, M., Iyer, S.V.K., 2009. Studies on the evaluation of the performance of organic coatings used for the prevention of corrosion of steel rebar in concrete structures. Progress in Organic Coatings, 64(4):454-459.

[19]Seneviratne, A.M.G., Sergi, G., Page, C.L., 2000. Performance characteristics of surface coatings applied to concrete for control of reinforcement corrosion. Construction and Building Materials, 14(1):55-59.

[20]Tang, F., Chen, G., Brow, R.K., et al., 2012a. Corrosion resistance and mechanism of steel rebar coated with three types of enamel. Corrosion Science, 59:157-168.

[21]Tang, F., Chen, G., Brow, R.K., et al., 2012b. Microstructure and corrosion resistance of enamel coatings applied to smooth reinforcing steel. Construction and Building Materials, 35:376-384.

[22]Tang, F., Chen, G., Volz, J.S., et al., 2013. Cement-modified enamel coating for enhanced corrosion resistance of steel reinforcing bars. Cement and Concrete Composites, 35(1):171-180.

[23]Wu, C., Chen, G., Volz, J.S., et al., 2012. Local bond strength of vitreous enamel coated rebar to concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 35:428-439.

[24]Wu, C., Chen, G., Volz, J.S., et al., 2013. Global bond behavior of enamel-coated rebar in concrete beams with spliced reinforcement. Construction and Building Materials, 40: 793-801.

[25]Yan, D., Chen, G., Baird, J., et al., 2011. Blast test of full-size wall barriers reinforced with enamel-coated steel rebar. Structures Congress, ASCE, Las Vegas, USA.

[26]Yan, D., Reis, S., Tao, X., et al., 2012. Effect of chemically reactive enamel coating on bonding strength at steel/mortar interface. Construction and Building Materials, 28(1):512-518.

[27]Yan, D., Hou, P., Liu, C., et al., 2016a. Effect of alkali cations on two-dimensional layer networks of two new quaternary thioarsenates (III) prepared by a facile surfactant-thermal method. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 241:47-53.

[28]Yan, D., Liu, C., Chai, W., et al., 2016b. Facile hydrazine-hydrothermal syntheses and characterizations of two new quaternary thioarsenates (III): two-dimensional SrAg₄As₂S₆·2H₂O and one-dimensional BaAgAsS₃. Chemistry-An Asian Journal, 11(12):1842-1848.

[29]Yan, D., Chen, S., Chen, G., et al., 2016c. Static and dynamic behavior of concrete slabs reinforced with chemically reactive enamel-coated steel bars and fibers. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 17(5):366-377.

[30]Yang, H., Lan, W., Qin, Y., et al., 2016. Evaluation of bond performance between deformed bars and recycled aggregate concrete after high temperatures exposure. Construction and Building Materials, 112:885-891.

[31]Zhang, Z.H., Yao, X., Zhu, H.J., 2010. Potential application of geopolymers as protection coatings for marine concrete II: microstructure and anticorrosion mechanism. Applied Clay Science, 49(1-2):7-12.

[32]Zhou, X.Q., Kuznetsov, V.A., Hao, H., et al., 2008. Numerical prediction of concrete slab response to blast loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 35(10):1186-1200.