Journal of Zhejiang University

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A 2026 Vol.27 No.6 P.555-568

Effect of varying strain rates on the local mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welded joints

Author(s): Chen LIU, Yansong WANG, Chenmeng WANG, Hu ZHOU, Yuchen YANG, Bangping GU, Shibin SUN, Long PAN, Feilong LIU, Guanhua XU, Chuanxiao YANG
Affiliation(s): 1. Logistics Engineering College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China more
Corresponding email(s): bpgu@shmtu.edu.cn, xuguanhua@zju.edu.cn
Key Words: AA5052 aluminum alloy, Digital image correlation (DIC), ABAQUS, Tensile properties

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Chen LIU, Yansong WANG, Chenmeng WANG, Hu ZHOU, Yuchen YANG, Bangping GU, Shibin SUN, Long PAN, Feilong LIU, Guanhua XU, Chuanxiao YANG. Effect of varying strain rates on the local mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welded joints[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 2026, 27(6): 555-568.

@article{title="Effect of varying strain rates on the local mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welded joints",
author="Chen LIU, Yansong WANG, Chenmeng WANG, Hu ZHOU, Yuchen YANG, Bangping GU, Shibin SUN, Long PAN, Feilong LIU, Guanhua XU, Chuanxiao YANG",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science A",
volume="27",
number="6",
pages="555-568",
year="2026",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.A2500370"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Effect of varying strain rates on the local mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welded joints
%A Chen LIU
%A Yansong WANG
%A Chenmeng WANG
%A Hu ZHOU
%A Yuchen YANG
%A Bangping GU
%A Shibin SUN
%A Long PAN
%A Feilong LIU
%A Guanhua XU
%A Chuanxiao YANG
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A
%V 27
%N 6
%P 555-568
%@ 1673-565X
%D 2026
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.A2500370

TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of varying strain rates on the local mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welded joints
A1 - Chen LIU
A1 - Yansong WANG
A1 - Chenmeng WANG
A1 - Hu ZHOU
A1 - Yuchen YANG
A1 - Bangping GU
A1 - Shibin SUN
A1 - Long PAN
A1 - Feilong LIU
A1 - Guanhua XU
A1 - Chuanxiao YANG
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science A
VL - 27
IS - 6
SP - 555
EP - 568
%@ 1673-565X
Y1 - 2026
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
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DOI - 10.1631/jzus.A2500370

Abstract
Chinese Summary
Academic Network
Reviewer Comment

Abstract: Synchronized stretching in conjunction with digital image correlation (DIC) was employed to obtain stress–strain curves for multiple local regions of welded joints at varying strain rates. The material intrinsic damage model for each region was then fitted using the Ramberg–Osgood equation. As such, we investigated the effects of loads with different strain rates on welded members. The microstructural distribution laws in the local regions were elucidated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical metallurgical microscopy. Moreover, residual stress concentrations were revealed by employing multi-physics field simulations during the welding process, as well as by using the DIC method for full-field strain measurements. The results demonstrated that tensile specimens with varying strain rates exhibited ductile fracturing and differed in strength and microhardness. The minimum strain-rate tensile strength recorded was 209.727 MPa, with an average microhardness of 72.66 HV0.3. Through simulations, it was further demonstrated that residual stresses and the softening zone cooperate during dynamic loading, resulting in preferential strain concentration. This study elucidates the mechanism by which the strain rate influences the mechanical properties of welded joints and the evolution of local mechanical behavior. It provides theoretical support and technical assurance for safe design and performance enhancement of aluminum alloy welded structures.

不同应变速率对铝合金焊接接头局部力学性能的影响

作者：刘晨¹,王彦淞¹,王晨盟^1,2,周虎¹,杨宇晨^1,3,顾邦平¹,孙士斌¹,潘龙⁴,刘飞龙⁵,徐冠华^6,7,杨传潇¹
机构：¹上海海事大学，物流工程学院，中国上海，201306；²东华大学，机械工程学院，中国上海，201620；³华东理工大学，机械与动力工程学院，中国上海，200237；⁴南京工程学院，机械工程学院，中国南京，211167；⁵上海交通大学，材料科学与工程学院，中国上海，200240；⁶浙江大学，机械工程学院，流体动力基础件与机电系统全国重点实验室，中国杭州，310058；⁷浙江大学，机械工程学院，全省增材制造技术与装备重点实验室，中国杭州，310058
目的：在海洋工程、航空航天等实际服役环境中，焊接结构常承受不同应变速率下的动态载荷，而焊接接头各区域（焊缝金属（WM）、热影响区（HAZ）和母材（BM））的力学性能存在显著差异，传统整体测试方法难以揭示其局部失效机制。本文旨在探讨不同应变速率对AA5052铝合金焊接接头局部力学性能的影响规律，揭示应变速率与微观结构演化、残余应力分布及局部力学响应之间的内在关联，为焊接结构的动态强度评估与安全设计提供理论依据。
创新点：1.结合多物理场焊接过程仿真与数字图像相关（DIC）技术，系统揭示了焊接残余应力场与热影响区微观组织软化在动态加载下的协同作用机制；2.利用兰贝格-奥斯古德方程对不同应变速率下焊接接头各区域（BM、HAZ、WM）的本构参数进行非线性拟合，建立了应变速率与局部强化/软化行为的定量关系；3.基于动态应变时效（DSA）理论，阐明了低应变速率下焊接接头强度提升的微观机制，揭示了应变速率对波特文-勒夏特利埃（PLC）效应及加工硬化行为的影响规律。
方法：1.通过冷金属过渡焊接方法制备AA5052铝合金焊接接头，采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、光学显微镜、X射线衍射（XRD）等手段分析焊缝、热影响区和母材的微观组织与相组成，揭示微观结构差异对力学性能的影响（图1和S13）；2.利用DIC技术获取不同应变速率（1×10⁻⁴~2×10⁻²s⁻¹）下焊接接头各区域的局部应变场和应力-应变曲线，结合兰贝格-奥斯古德方程拟合材料本构参数（图3和4、表2）；3.采用ABAQUS有限元软件构建双椭球热源模型，模拟焊接温度场与残余应力场分布，并结合孔洞法残余应力测试验证仿真结果，分析残余应力与微观软化对断裂行为的协同影响（图S11和S12）。
结论：1.焊接热循环导致热影响区出现微观组织软化和残余拉应力集中，形成"软化-应力集中"双重机制，使其成为拉伸断裂的优先区域。2.在1×10⁻⁴~2×10⁻²s⁻¹准静态应变速率范围内，降低应变速率可提高焊接接头各区域的屈服强度和抗拉强度，其中焊缝区屈服强度提升幅度最大，达31.54%。3.动态应变时效是低应变速率下强度提升的主导机制：应变速率降低时，溶质原子与位错相互作用增强，加工硬化能力提高；过高应变速率则会削弱该效应，降低材料均匀变形能力。4.联合应用DIC技术与焊接仿真，可有效识别焊接接头局部力学性能差异及断裂路径演化，为复杂载荷下焊接结构的强度评估与工艺优化提供支撑。

关键词：AA5052铝合金；数字图像相关技术；ABAQUS；拉伸性能

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