JZUS - Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE

ENGINEERING Information Technology & Electronic Engineering

Accepted manuscript available online (unedited version)

Image fragment carving based on DCT semantics and a adjustment factor

Author(s): Binglong LI¹, Shilong YU¹, Yong ZHAO², Yifeng SUN¹, Chaowen CHANG¹, Qingxian WANG¹
Affiliation(s): ¹Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, China ²SDIC Intelligent (Xiamen) Information Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361000, China
Corresponding email(s): lbl2017@163.com ysl1327244332@163.com
Key Words: Discrete cosine transform; Fragmented image files; Memory media

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Binglong LI¹, Shilong YU¹, Yong ZHAO², Yifeng SUN¹, Chaowen CHANG¹, Qingxian WANG¹. Image fragment carving based on DCT semantics and a adjustment factor[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science ,in press.Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,in press.https://doi.org/10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2025.0140

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author="Binglong LI¹, Shilong YU¹, Yong ZHAO², Yifeng SUN¹, Chaowen CHANG¹, Qingxian WANG¹",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science ",
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publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2025.0140"
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%A Yifeng SUN¹
%A Chaowen CHANG¹
%A Qingxian WANG¹
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE
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doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2025.0140"

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A1 - Binglong LI¹
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A1 - Qingxian WANG¹
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science
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Abstract
Chinese Summary
Academic Network
Reviewer Comment

Abstract: The recovery of evidence from fragmented image files is a prominent research focus in the field of file carving. To address image fragment reassembly, this paper analyzes the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) image structure and proposes a fragment connection weighting algorithm based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) semantic features, along with a weight adjustment factor that leverages image compression characteristics. By integrating these components, the algorithm effectively determines the fragment sequence in JPEG files, and a practical carving algorithm is designed. Experiments conducted on disk and memory demonstrate that the adjustment factor-based algorithm outperforms the DCT-only method in identifying true best matches (reducing false positives). Disk experiments achieve an average carving precision of 94.4%, surpassing existing methods, while memory experiments validate the feasibility of the approach, along with a theoretical analysis of failure scenarios caused by interference from software such as Windows Picture Viewer

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