Journal of Zhejiang University

ENGINEERING Information Technology & Electronic Engineering

Accepted manuscript available online (unedited version)

An approach to characterize the power system security region by integrating distributionally robust optimization and Transformer-based deep learning

Author(s): Yuekai CHEN, Zhejing BAO^*, Miao YU
Affiliation(s): College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Corresponding email(s): Zhejing BAO, zjbao@zju.edu.cn
Key Words: Security region; Distributionally robust optimization; Deep learning; Transformer model; Data-driven

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Yuekai CHEN, Zhejing BAO^*, Miao YU. An approach to characterize the power system security region by integrating distributionally robust optimization and Transformer-based deep learning[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science ,in press.Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,in press.https://doi.org/10.1631/ENG.ITEE.2026.0024

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Abstract
Chinese Summary
Academic Network
Reviewer Comment

Abstract: Renewable generation and load uncertainty pose significant challenges to power system security, necessitating efficient approaches to characterize high-dimensional security regions. To overcome the curse of dimensionality, uncertainty neglect, and undue conservatism in existing methods, this paper proposes an approach integrating distributionally robust optimization (DRO) and deep learning for security region characterization. First, to properly account for uncertainty while avoiding excessive conservatism, a DRO-based active search strategy is developed to identify critical boundary points, where diffusion-generated renewable scenarios and load-deviation samples constructed around typical demand profiles are jointly used to build a robust probabilistic ambiguity set. Subsequently, a Transformer-based model learns from these boundary points to reconstruct the full high-dimensional security region. The model's self-attention mechanism captures the global nonlinear dependencies among dimensions, enabling a precise and efficient boundary fit. Simulations on IEEE test systems confirm that the approach accurately characterizes high-dimensional security regions at a low computational cost, yielding a security region with strong robustness to renewable-load uncertainty. This work offers a new paradigm for security assessment and decision support in power systems under high uncertainty

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On-line Access: 2026-05-07

Received: 2026-01-21

Revision Accepted: 2026-04-16

Crosschecked: 0000-00-00

Cited: 0

Clicked: 23

Citations: Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714

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