Journal of Zhejiang University

ENGINEERING Information Technology & Electronic Engineering

Accepted manuscript available online (unedited version)

Near-field communications: theories and applications

Author(s): Yajun ZHAO, Linglong DAI, Jianhua ZHANG, Ping ZHANG
Affiliation(s): State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; more
Corresponding email(s): zhao.yajun1@zte.com.cn, daill@tsinghua.edu.cn, jhzhang@bupt.edu.cn, pzhang@bupt.edu.cn
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Yajun ZHAO, Linglong DAI, Jianhua ZHANG, Ping ZHANG. Near-field communications: theories and applications[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering,in press.https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2440000

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author="Yajun ZHAO, Linglong DAI, Jianhua ZHANG, Ping ZHANG",
journal="Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering",
year="in press",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2440000"
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%A Ping ZHANG
%J Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering
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doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2440000"

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doi="https://doi.org/10.1631/FITEE.2440000"

Abstract
Chinese Summary
Academic Network
Reviewer Comment

Abstract: Traditional wireless communication systems have extensively used far-field spatial resources. However, with the emergence of sixth-generation (6G) networks, the exploration and utilization of near-field resources have become imperative. These resources introduce novel physical spatial dimensions to wireless communication systems. By leveraging higher frequency bands—such as midband, millimeter-wave, and terahertz frequencies—and integrating technologies like reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), ultra-large-scale multiple input multiple output (MIMO), and cell-free networks, near-field communication (NFC) is set to become a critical enabler for 6G networks. This paradigm shift challenges the conventional far-field plane wave assumptions, necessitating a reevaluation of strategies for spatial resource management.Although traditional systems have effectively exploited far-field spatial resources, the adoption of near-field resources in 6G networks presents opportunities to redefine wireless communication systems. This shift toward NFC catalyzes research into innovative technological paradigms. NFC has the potential to significantly improve spectrum efficiency, data transmission rates, and spatial precision, enabling advanced applications in domains such as augmented reality, high-precision localization, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), and secure wireless power transfer. This work examines key factors influencing the development and application of NFCs.

近场通信：理论与应用

赵亚军^1,2，戴凌龙³，张建华⁴，张平⁴
¹移动网络和移动多媒体技术国家重点实验室，中国深圳市，518055
²中兴通讯股份有限公司，中国北京市，100192
³清华大学电子工程系，中国北京市，100084
⁴北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室，中国北京市，100876
概要：传统无线通信系统广泛利用了远场空间资源。随着6G网络的出现，近场资源的探索和利用势在必行。这些资源为无线通信系统引入了新的物理空间维度。通过利用更高频段并结合智能超表面（RIS）、超大规模多入多出（XL-MIMO）和无蜂窝网络等技术，近场通信将成为6G网络的关键推动因素。这种范式转变挑战了传统的远场平面波假设，需要重新评估空间资源管理策略。
尽管传统系统已有效利用远场空间资源，但在6G网络中采用近场空间资源为重新定义无线通信系统提供了机会。这种向近场通信的转变促进了对创新技术范式的研究。近场通信有可能显著提高频谱效率、数据传输速率和空间分辨率，从而在增强现实、高精度定位、通感一体化以及安全无线能量传输等领域实现先进应用。影响近场通信开发和应用的关键因素包括近场传播和信道建模、提高空间资源利用率、硬件挑战以及工程实践与标准化。这些领域强调了近场通信的多面性，反映了在标准化工作的同时，对建模、技术、硬件开发和工程实践进步的需求。近场通信具有推动无线技术发展的变革潜力，为消费者、工业和安全等领域的应用提供了新的可能。
在此背景下，中国工程院院刊《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》邀请张平院士担任主编，赵亚军总工、戴凌龙教授、Marco di Renzo教授担任执行主编，组织出版了"近场通信理论与应用"专刊。专刊收录12篇文章，包括2篇综述、5篇研究、5篇通讯，内容涵盖近场传播基本原理、信道模型的发展、传统机制在近场环境中面临的限制等，此外包含XL-MIMO信道研究、同时无线信息和能量传输（SWIPT）系统以及RIS的最新研究进展，以及它们在增强通信系统中的应用。