Abstract: Water conveyance tunnels usually experience high internal water pressures and complex soil conditions. Therefore, shield tunnels with double-lining structure have been adopted because of their high bearing capacity. The effect of the interface between the segmental and inner linings on the bearing capacity has been widely investigated; however, the effect of soil on the internal water pressure bearing capacity has not been emphasized enough. Therefore, in this study, model tests and an analytical solution are presented to elucidate the effect of soil on the internal water pressure bearing capacity. First, model tests are conducted on double-lining models under sandy soil and highly weathered argillaceous siltstone conditions. The internal force and earth pressure under these different soil conditions are then compared to reveal the contribution of soil to the internal water pressure bearing capacity. Following this, an analytical solution, considering the soil‍–‍double-lining interaction, is proposed to further investigate the contribution of the soil. The analytical solution is verified with model tests. The analytical solution is in good agreement with the model test results and can be used to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the double-lining and soil contribution. The effect of soil on the bearing capacity is found to be related with the elastic modulus of the soil and the deformation state of the double-lining. Before the double-lining cracks, the sandy soil contributes 3.7% of the internal water pressure but the contribution of the soil rises to 10.4% when it is the highly weathered argillaceous siltstone. After the double-lining cracks, the soil plays an important role in bearing internal water pressure. The soil contributions of sandy soil and highly weathered argillaceous siltstones are 10.5% and 27.8%, respectively. The effect of soil should be considered in tunnel design with the internal water pressure.

围岩-双层衬砌联合承载能力研究

[1]CEB (Comité Euro-International du Beton), 1985. CEB Design Manual on Cracking and Deformation. Bulletin d’information No. 158, Paris, France.

[2]ChenQJ, WangJC, HuangWM, et al., 2020. Analytical solution for a jointed shield tunnel lining reinforced by secondary linings. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 185:105813.

[3]GuoCX, HanKH, ShiLL, et al., 2019. Superiority analysis of composite structure of initial lining segment and secondary lining molded concrete. Journal of Coastal Research, 83(S1):300-304.

[4]GuoR, ZhangMY, XieHM, et al., 2019. Model test study of the mechanical characteristics of the lining structure for an urban deep drainage shield tunnel. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 91:103014.

[5]HuangX, LiuW, ZhangZX, et al., 2019. Exploring the three-dimensional response of a water storage and sewage tunnel based on full-scale loading tests. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 88:156-168.

[6]HuangX, LiuW, ZhangZX, et al., 2020. Structural behavior of segmental tunnel linings for a large stormwater storage tunnel: insight from full-scale loading tests. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 99:103376.

[7]HuangZK, ZhangDM, PitilakisK, et al., 2022a. Resilience assessment of tunnels: framework and application for tunnels in alluvial deposits exposed to seismic hazard. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 162:107456.

[8]HuangZK, ArgyroudisS, ZhangDM, et al., 2022b. Time-dependent fragility functions for circular tunnels in soft soils. ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering, 8(3):04022030.

[9]LiSH, ZhangMJ, LiPF, 2021. Analytical solutions to ground settlement induced by ground loss and construction loadings during curved shield tunneling. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 22(4):296-313.

[10]LiuDJ, WangF, ZhangDM, et al., 2019. Interfacial stresses of shield tunnel strengthened by a thin plate at inner surface. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 91:103021.

[11]SchleissAJ, 1997. Design of reinforced concrete lining for pressure tunnels and shafts. International Journal on Hydropower and Dams, 4(3):88-94.

[12]SimanjuntakTDYF, MarenceM, MynettAE, et al., 2014. Pressure tunnels in non-uniform in situ stress conditions. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 42:227-236.

[13]SongF, WangHN, JiangMJ, 2018. Analytical solutions for lined circular tunnels in viscoelastic rock considering various interface conditions. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 55:109-130.

[14]StramandinoliRSB, La RovereHL, 2008. An efficient tension-stiffening model for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete members. Engineering Structures, 30(7):2069-2080.

[15]SuJ, BloodworthA, 2016. Interface parameters of composite sprayed concrete linings in soft ground with spray-applied waterproofing. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 59:170-182.

[16]TakamatsuN, MurakamiH, KoizumiA, 1992. A study on the bending behaviour in the longitudinal direction of shield tunnels with secondary linings. Proceedings of the International Congress Towards New Worlds in Tunnelling, p.277-285.

[17]WangSM, JianYQ, LuXX, et al., 2019a. Study on load distribution characteristics of secondary lining of shield under different construction time. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 89:25-37.

[18]WangSM, RuanL, ShenXZ, et al., 2019b. Investigation of the mechanical properties of double lining structure of shield tunnel with different joint surface. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 90:404-419.

[19]Working Group No. 2, International Tunnelling Association, 2000. Guidelines for the design of shield tunnel lining. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 15(3):303-331.

[20]YanQX, YaoCF, YangWB, et al., 2015. An improved num

[21]erical model of shield tunnel with double lining and its applications. Advance in Materials Science and Engineering, 2015:430879.

[22]YangF, CaoSR, QinG, 2018. Mechanical behavior of two kinds of prestressed composite linings: a case study of the Yellow River crossing tunnel in China. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 79:96-109.

[23]ZhaiWZ, ChapmanD, ZhangDM, et al., 2020. Experimental study on the effectiveness of strengthening over-deformed segmental tunnel lining by steel plates. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 104:103530.

[24]ZhangHM, GuoC, LvGL, 2001a. Mechanical model for shield pressure tunnel with secondary linings. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 32(4):28-33 (in Chinese).

[25]ZhangHM, CheFX, XiaMY, 2001b. Study on loads test of shied tunnel segment reinforced by double linings. Journal of Tongji University, 29(7):779-783 (in Chinese).

[26]ZhangJZ, HuangHW, ZhangDM, et al., 2021. Effect of ground surface surcharge on deformational performance of tunnel in spatially variable soil. Computers and Geotechnics, 136:104229.

[27]ZhangXD, WangJC, ChenQJ, et al., 2021. Analytical method for segmental tunnel linings reinforced by secondary lining considering interfacial slippage and detachment. International Journal of Geomechanics, 21(6):04021084.

[28]ZhouYF, SuK, WuHG, 2015. Hydro-mechanical interaction analysis of high pressure hydraulic tunnel. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 47:28-34.