Abstract: In passive bistatic radar, the computational efficiency of clutter suppression algorithms remains low, due to continuous increases in bandwidth for potential illuminators of opportunity and the use of multi-source detection frameworks. Accordingly, we propose a lightweight version of the extensive cancellation algorithm (ECA), which achieves clutter suppression performance comparable to that of ECA while reducing the computational and space complexities by at least one order of magnitude. This is achieved through innovative adjustments to the reference signal subspace matrix within the ECA framework, resulting in a redefined approach to the computation of the autocorrelation matrix and cross-correlation vector. This novel modification significantly simplifies the computational aspects. Furthermore, we introduce a dimension-expanding technique that streamlines clutter estimation. Overall, the proposed method replaces the computation-intensive aspects of the original ECA with fast Fourier transform (FFT) and inverse FFT operations, and eliminates the construction of the memory-intensive signal subspace. Comparing the proposed method with ECA and its batched version (ECA-B), the central advantages are more streamlined implementation and minimal storage requirements, all without compromising performance. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated through both simulations and field experimental results.

一种轻量化的外辐射源杂波抑制算法

[1]Ansari F, Taban MR, Gazor S, 2016. A novel sequential algorithm for clutter and direct signal cancellation in passive bistatic radars. EURASIP J Adv Signal Process, 2016:134.

[2]Attalah MA, Laroussi T, Gini F, et al., 2019. Range-Doppler fast block LMS algorithm for a DVB-T-based passive bistatic radar. Signal Image Video Process, 13:27-34.

[3]Bernaschi M, di Lallo A, Farina A, et al., 2012. Use of a graphics processing unit for passive radar signal and data processing. IEEE Aerosp Electron Syst Mag, 27(10):52-59.

[4]Bolvardi H, Derakhtian M, Sheikhi A, 2015. Reduced complexity generalised likelihood ratio detector for digital video broadcasting terrestrial-based passive radar. IET Radar Sonar Navig, 9(8):1021-1029.

[5]Cardinali R, Colone F, Ferretti C, et al., 2007. Comparison of clutter and multipath cancellation techniques for passive radar. IEEE Radar Conf, p.469-474.

[6]Colone F, O’hagan DW, Lombardo P, et al., 2009. A multistage processing algorithm for disturbance removal and target detection in passive bistatic radar. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 45(2):698-722.

[7]Colone F, Palmarini C, Martelli T, et al., 2016. Sliding extensive cancellation algorithm for disturbance removal in passive radar. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 52(3):1309-1326.

[8]Colone F, Filippini F, di Seglio M, et al., 2022. On the use of reciprocal filter against WiFi packets for passive radar. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 58(4):2746-2761.

[9]Colone F, Filippini F, Pastina D, 2023. Passive radar: past, present, and future challenges. IEEE Aerosp Electron Syst Mag, 38(1):54-69.

[10]Farhang-Boroujeny B, 2013. Adaptive Filters: Theory and Applications (2^nd Ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, USA, p.440-460.

[11]Fränken D, Ott T, Lutz S, et al., 2022. Integrating multiband active and passive radar for enhanced situational awareness. IEEE Aerosp Electron Syst Mag, 37(8):36-49.

[12]Fu Y, Wan XR, Zhang X, et al., 2018. Parallel processing algorithm for multipath clutter cancellation in passive radar. IET Radar Sonar Nav, 12(1):121-129.

[13]Garry JL, Baker CJ, Smith GE, 2017. Evaluation of direct signal suppression for passive radar. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens, 55(7):3786-3799.

[14]Golub GH, van Loan CF, 2013. Matrix Computations (4^th Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA, p.220-222.

[15]Jarrah AA, Jamali MM, 2016a. FPGA based architecture of extensive cancellation algorithm (ECA) for passive bistatic radar (PBR). Microprocess Microsyst, 41:56-66.

[16]Jarrah AA, Jamali MM, 2016b. A parallel implementation of extensive cancellation algorithm (ECA) for passive bistatic radar (PBR) on a GPU. J Signal Process Syst, 85(2):201-209.

[17]John M, Inggs M, Petri D, 2011. Real time processing of networked passive coherent location radar system. Int J Electron Telecommun, 57(3):363-368.

[18]Kuschel H, Cristallini D, Olsen KE, 2019. Tutorial: passive radar tutorial. IEEE Aerosp Electron Syst Mag, 34(2):2-19.

[19]Lestari AA, Simbolon L, Bura RO, et al., 2022. UWB wire-bowtie array for FM-PCL passive radar. IEEE Trans Antenn Propag, 70(9):7999-8007.

[20]Lyu X, Ding YQ, 2022. Joint multipath signals and noise reduction in passive radar. IET Signal Process, 16(3):366-376.

[21]Mahfoudia O, Horlin F, Neyt X, 2019. Performance analysis of the reference signal reconstruction for DVB-T passive radars. Signal Process, 158:26-35.

[22]Martelli T, Colone F, Cardinali R, 2020. DVB-T based passive radar for simultaneous counter-drone operations and civil air traffic surveillance. IET Radar Sonar Navig, 14(4):505-515.

[23]Miao YJ, Li JC, Bao Y, et al., 2021. Efficient multipath clutter cancellation for UAV monitoring using DAB satellite-based PBR. Remote Sens, 13(17):3429.

[24]Moscardini C, Petri D, Capria A, et al., 2015. Batches algorithm for passive radar: a theoretical analysis. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 51(2):1475-1487.

[25]Palmer J, Searle SJ, 2012. Evaluation of adaptive filter algorithms for clutter cancellation in passive bistatic radar. IEEE Radar Conf, p.493-498.

[26]Palmer J, Palumbo S, Summers A, et al., 2011. An overview of an illuminator of opportunity passive radar research project and its signal processing research directions. Dig Signal Process, 21(5):593-599.

[27]Pastina D, Santi F, Pieralice F, et al., 2021. Passive radar imaging of ship targets with GNSS signals of opportunity. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens, 59(3):2627-2642.

[28]Samczyński P, Abratkiewicz K, Płotka M, et al., 2022. 5G network-based passive radar. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens, 60:1-9.

[29]Sun HB, Chia LG, Razul SG, 2021. Through-wall human sensing with WiFi passive radar. IEEE Trans Aerosp Electron Syst, 57(4):2135-2148.

[30]Wang H, Wang J, Zhong L, 2011. Mismatched filter for analogue TV-based passive bistatic radar. IET Radar Sonar Navig, 5(5):573-581.

[31]Wu Y, Chen ZK, Peng DL, 2023. Target detection of passive bistatic radar under the condition of impure reference signal. Remote Sens, 15(15):3876.

[32]Zhang C, Shi SZ, Yan SH, et al., 2023. Moving target detection and parameter estimation using BeiDou GEO satellites-based passive radar with short-time integration. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Obs Remote Sens, 16:3959-3972.

[33]Zuo L, Wang J, Sui J, et al., 2021. An inter-subband processing algorithm for complex clutter suppression in passive bistatic radar. Remote Sens, 13(23):4954.