Bio-Design and Manufacturing  2026 Vol.9 No.5 P.931 - 953

http://doi.org/10.1631/bdm.2500593


Hydrogel-integrated near-infrared-controlled cascade reaction accelerates healing of MRSA-infected wounds through hypoxia-alleviation-enhanced NO/phototherapy synergistic antibacterial and microenvironment remodeling


Author(s):  Xiaolan Gao,Yuanhao Luo,Tiantian Guo,Leiliang He,Jinjin Li,Yi Hao,Fangxia Guan,Yamin Xiong

Affiliation(s):  1. School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China more

Corresponding email(s):   fxguan@126.com, xiongym@zzu.edu.cn

Key Words:  Hydrogel, Hypoxia alleviation, NO/Phototherapy synergistic antibacterial, Microenvironment remodeling, Wound healing


Xiaolan Gao, Yuanhao Luo, Tiantian Guo, Leiliang He, Jinjin Li, Yi Hao, Fangxia Guan, Yamin Xiong. Hydrogel-integrated near-infrared-controlled cascade reaction accelerates healing of MRSA-infected wounds through hypoxia-alleviation-enhanced NO/phototherapy synergistic antibacterial and microenvironment remodeling[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science D, 2026, 9(5): 931 - 953.

@article{title="Hydrogel-integrated near-infrared-controlled cascade reaction accelerates healing of MRSA-infected wounds through hypoxia-alleviation-enhanced NO/phototherapy synergistic antibacterial and microenvironment remodeling",
author="Xiaolan Gao, Yuanhao Luo, Tiantian Guo, Leiliang He, Jinjin Li, Yi Hao, Fangxia Guan, Yamin Xiong",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science D",
volume="9",
number="5",
pages="931 - 953",
year="2026",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/bdm.2500593"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Hydrogel-integrated near-infrared-controlled cascade reaction accelerates healing of MRSA-infected wounds through hypoxia-alleviation-enhanced NO/phototherapy synergistic antibacterial and microenvironment remodeling
%A Xiaolan Gao
%A Yuanhao Luo
%A Tiantian Guo
%A Leiliang He
%A Jinjin Li
%A Yi Hao
%A Fangxia Guan
%A Yamin Xiong
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE D
%V 9
%N 5
%P 931 - 953
%@ 1869-1951
%D 2026
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/bdm.2500593

TY - JOUR
T1 - Hydrogel-integrated near-infrared-controlled cascade reaction accelerates healing of MRSA-infected wounds through hypoxia-alleviation-enhanced NO/phototherapy synergistic antibacterial and microenvironment remodeling
A1 - Xiaolan Gao
A1 - Yuanhao Luo
A1 - Tiantian Guo
A1 - Leiliang He
A1 - Jinjin Li
A1 - Yi Hao
A1 - Fangxia Guan
A1 - Yamin Xiong
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science D
VL - 9
IS - 5
SP - 931
EP - 953
%@ 1869-1951
Y1 - 2026
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
ER -
DOI - 10.1631/bdm.2500593


Abstract: 
Chronic wound healing remains challenging due to the risk of bacterial infection and the typical microenvironments characterized by oxidative stress, hypoxia, and insufficient angiogenesis. Herein, a hydrogel dressing (CLIHO) has been developed to efficiently promote the healing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infected wounds by integrating near-infrared (NIR)-controlled cascade reactions among hemin, indocyanine green (ICG), and L-arginine (L-Arg). Mild heat (approximately 45 °C) and cascade generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and ONOO− from the CLIHO hydrogel have been demonstrated under NIR irradiation. Benefiting from the O2 supplied by hemin-mediated decomposition of endogenous excess H2O2 in wounds, CLIHO hydrogel demonstrated hypoxia-alleviation-enhanced NO/phototherapy synergistic antibacterial activity, enabling it to effectively inhibit MRSA, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) proliferation, as well as eradicate the formed biofilms. The antibacterial performance of the CLIHO hydrogel was significantly superior to that of the CIO hydrogel with phototherapy alone and the CLIO hydrogel without O2 supply. Upon NIR turn-off, the CLIHO hydrogel could remodel the microenvironment of chronic wounds by scavenging excessive ROS, reducing local H2O2 levels, and alleviating hypoxia while promoting angiogenesis by releasing trace amounts of NO under endogenous nitric oxide synthase. Importantly, compared with CLIO hydrogel (without hemin), the CLIHO hydrogel significantly accelerated the high-quality healing of MRSA-infected wounds by efficiently eliminating bacterial infection, balancing inflammatory responses, and promoting angiogenesis and collagen deposition. Hence, the prepared CLIHO hydrogel integrating NIR-controlled cascade reaction provides an efficient and secure dressing for accelerating healing of MRSA-infected wounds via hypoxia-alleviation-enhanced NO/phototherapy synergistic antibacterial and microenvironment remodeling.

水凝胶结合近红外光控级联反应加速耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌感染伤口的愈合:通过缺氧缓解增强的一氧化氮/光疗协同抗菌作用及微环境重塑

由于细菌感染的风险,以及以氧化应激、缺氧和血管生成不足为特征的典型微环境,慢性伤口的愈合仍然具有挑战性。因此,本研究开发了一种水凝胶敷料(CLIHO),通过整合氯化血红素(hemin)、吲哚菁绿(ICG)和 L-精氨酸(L-Arg)之间的近红外光可控级联反应,有效促进耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)感染伤口的愈合。在近红外光辐射下,CLIHO 水凝胶具有温和的温度(约 45 ℃),同时级联生成活性氧(ROS)、一氧化氮(NO)和过氧亚硝酸根离子(ONOO⁻)。得益于 Hemin 分解创面内源性过量 H2O2 提供氧气,CLIHO水凝胶表现出缺氧缓解增强的 NO/光疗协同抗菌活性,使其能够有效抑制 MRSA、大肠埃希氏菌(E. coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)和枯草芽孢杆菌(B. subtilis)的增殖,并清除已形成的生物膜。CLIHO 水凝胶的抗菌性能明显优于单独光热疗法的 CIO 水凝胶和不供氧的 CLIO 水凝胶。当近红外光关闭后,CLIHO 水凝胶可通过清除过量 ROS、降低局部 H2O2 水平、缓解缺氧,同时在内源性一氧化氮合酶作用下释放微量 NO 促进血管生成等重塑慢性创面微环境。重要的是,与CLIO 水凝胶(不含 Hemin)相比,CLIHO 水凝胶通过有效清除细菌感染、平衡炎症反应、促进血管生成和胶原沉积,显著加速 MRSA 感染创面的高质量愈合。因此,所制备的近红外光可控级联反应的 CLIHO 水凝胶通过缺氧缓解增强的NO/光疗协同抗菌和微环境重塑,为加速 MRSA 感染伤口的愈合提供了一种高效、安全的敷料。
关键词:水凝胶;缺氧缓解;一氧化氮/光疗协同抗菌;微环境重塑;伤口愈合

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion

<1>

Please provide your name, email address and a comment





Full Text:   <31>

CLC number: 

On-line Access: 2026-06-27

Received: 2025-11-20

Revision Accepted: 2026-02-01

Crosschecked: 0000-00-00

Cited: 

Clicked: 51

Citations:  Bibtex RefMan EndNote GB/T7714

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
Tel: +86-571-87952783; E-mail: cjzhang@zju.edu.cn
Copyright © 2000 - 2026 Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE