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Bio-Design and Manufacturing  2022 Vol.5 No.4 P.757-785

http://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-022-00201-7


Structural design and mechanical performance of composite vascular grafts


Author(s):  Abdul Wasy Zia, Rong Liu & Xinbo Wu

Affiliation(s):  School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China

Corresponding email(s):   rong.liu@polyu.edu.hk

Key Words:  Vascular grafts, Surface design, Structural design, Composite materials, Mechanical properties


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Abdul Wasy Zia, Rong Liu & Xinbo Wu. Structural design and mechanical performance of composite vascular grafts[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science D, 2022, 5(4): 757-785.

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Abstract: 
This study reviews the state of the art in structural design and the corresponding mechanical behaviours of composite vascular grafts. We critically analyse surface and matrix designs composed of layered, embedded, and hybrid structures along the radial and longitudinal directions; materials and manufacturing techniques, such as tissue engineering and the use of textiles or their combinations; and the corresponding mechanical behaviours of composite vascular grafts in terms of their physical–mechanical properties, especially their stress–strain relationships and elastic recovery. The role of computational studies is discussed with respect to optimizing the geometrics designs and the corresponding mechanical behaviours to satisfy specialized applications, such as those for the aorta and its subparts. Natural and synthetic endothelial materials yield improvements in the mechanical and biological compliance of composite graft surfaces with host arteries. Moreover, the diameter, wall thickness, stiffness, compliance, tensile strength, elasticity, and burst strength of the graft matrix are determined depending on the application and the patient. For composite vascular grafts, hybrid architectures are recommended featuring multiple layers, dimensions, and materials to achieve the desired optimal flexibility and function for complying with user-specific requirements. Rapidly emerging artificial intelligence and big data techniques for diagnostics and the three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing of vascular grafts will likely yield highly compliant, subject-specific, long-lasting, and economical vascular grafts in the near-future.

香港理工大学Rong Liu等 | 复合血管移植物的结构设计与力学性能研究

本综述论文聚焦人工血管的结构设计技术和相关力学性能研究。随着全球老龄化、心血管疾病患者的增加以及医疗科技的不断进步,人造血管的需求逐年增长。人工血管是许多严重狭窄或闭塞性血管的替代品,大/中口径的人工血管已经在临床使用中取得了一定效果,但成本较高、产量有限;小口径人工血管需要克服内膜增生/血栓形成等问题,对材料和结构设计有更高要求。本文综述了人工血管的各种表面和基体结构设计技术,分析了多种人造血管复合材料的制备方法、结构、性能特点以及力学表现。随着生物力学模拟、人工智能和大数据科技在诊断、设计、快速制造以及评测方面的发展,具有高顺应性、个性化、生物相容性好、耐用且性价比高的血管移植物将得到进一步开发和应用。

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