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Xiaocheng LIU, Meilong LE, Yupu LIU?, Minghua HU. SPID: Solving the low-altitude takeoff and landing facility location problem via deep reinforcement learning[J]. Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering, 1998, -1(-1): .
@article{title="SPID: Solving the low-altitude takeoff and landing facility location problem via deep reinforcement learning",
author="Xiaocheng LIU, Meilong LE, Yupu LIU?, Minghua HU",
journal="Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering",
volume="-1",
number="-1",
pages="",
year="1998",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/FITEE.2500534"
}
%0 Journal Article
%T SPID: Solving the low-altitude takeoff and landing facility location problem via deep reinforcement learning
%A Xiaocheng LIU
%A Meilong LE
%A Yupu LIU?
%A Minghua HU
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE C
%V -1
%N -1
%P
%@ 2095-9184
%D 1998
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/FITEE.2500534
TY - JOUR
T1 - SPID: Solving the low-altitude takeoff and landing facility location problem via deep reinforcement learning
A1 - Xiaocheng LIU
A1 - Meilong LE
A1 - Yupu LIU?
A1 - Minghua HU
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science C
VL - -1
IS - -1
SP -
EP -
%@ 2095-9184
Y1 - 1998
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
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DOI - 10.1631/FITEE.2500534
Abstract: The siting of low-altitude takeoff and landing platforms is a fundamental challenge for the future development of Urban Air Mobility (UAM). We formulate the problem as a variant of capacitated facility location problem (CFLP) with flight-range and service-capacity constraints, and propose SPID, a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based solution framework. The problem is modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). To address dynamic coverage, we design a DRL framework with a multi-head attention mechanism to capture spatiotemporal patterns and integrate dynamic and static information into a unified input state vector. A Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) is used to generate the query vector, enhancing sequential decision-making. The action network is guided by a loss function combining unmet demand penalties with service-distance costs, enabling end-to-end optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that SPID significantly improves solution efficiency and robustness over traditional methods under flight and capacity constraints. It also outperforms heuristic algorithms in accuracy, with a performance gap of around 6% compared to exact solutions. This work provides an efficient, scalable approach to low-altitude site selection, supporting rapid decision-making in large-scale UAM scenarios.
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