CLC number: TU411
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Received: 2004-04-01
Revision Accepted: 2005-01-20
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CHANSON Hubert, GONZALEZ Carlos A.. Physical modelling and scale effects of air-water flows on stepped spillways[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 2005, 6(3): 243-250.
@article{title="Physical modelling and scale effects of air-water flows on stepped spillways",
author="CHANSON Hubert, GONZALEZ Carlos A.",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science A",
volume="6",
number="3",
pages="243-250",
year="2005",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.2005.A0243"
}
%0 Journal Article
%T Physical modelling and scale effects of air-water flows on stepped spillways
%A CHANSON Hubert
%A GONZALEZ Carlos A.
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A
%V 6
%N 3
%P 243-250
%@ 1673-565X
%D 2005
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.2005.A0243
TY - JOUR
T1 - Physical modelling and scale effects of air-water flows on stepped spillways
A1 - CHANSON Hubert
A1 - GONZALEZ Carlos A.
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science A
VL - 6
IS - 3
SP - 243
EP - 250
%@ 1673-565X
Y1 - 2005
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
ER -
DOI - 10.1631/jzus.2005.A0243
Abstract: During the last three decades, the introduction of new construction materials (e.g. RCC (Roller Compacted Concrete), strengthened gabions) has increased the interest for stepped channels and spillways. However stepped chute hydraulics is not simple, because of different flow regimes and importantly because of very-strong interactions between entrained air and turbulence. In this study, new air-water flow measurements were conducted in two large-size stepped chute facilities with two step heights in each facility to study experimental distortion caused by scale effects and the soundness of result extrapolation to prototypes. Experimental data included distributions of air concentration, air-water flow velocity, bubble frequency, bubble chord length and air-water flow turbulence intensity. For a Froude similitude, the results implied that scale effects were observed in both facilities, although the geometric scaling ratio was only Lr=2 in each case. The selection of the criterion for scale effects is a critical issue. For example, major differences (i.e. scale effects) were observed in terms of bubble chord sizes and turbulence levels although little scale effects were seen in terms of void fraction and velocity distributions. Overall the findings emphasize that physical modelling of stepped chutes based upon a Froude similitude is more sensitive to scale effects than classical smooth-invert chute studies, and this is consistent with basic dimensional analysis developed herein.
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