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Abstract: Short pitch rail corrugations were observed on a recently opened Chinese high-speed line. On the basis of field measurements and observations of corrugations occurred on the high-speed line, a 3D transient rolling contact model is developed using the explicit finite element (FE) method to investigate high-speed vehicle-track interactions in the presence of rail corrugations. The rotational and translational movements of the wheel are introduced as initial conditions in the model. The frictional rolling contact between the wheel and the corrugated rail is solved by a penalty method based surface-to-surface contact algorithm with Coulomb’s law of friction. The contact filter effect is considered automatically by the finite size of the contact patch. Through specifying a time-dependent driving torque applied to the wheel axle, the tangential vehicle-track interaction on the corrugated rail is analyzed in the time domain together with the normal one at different traction levels and at rolling speeds of up to 500 km/h. This analysis focuses on detailed contact solutions, such as distributions of the pressure, surface shear stress, Von Mises (V-M) stress, and frictional work. The corrugation dimensions, traction level, and rolling speed are varied to investigate their influences, building a solid basis for further studying the material damage mechanisms. A theory is proposed based on the simulations to explain the observed phenomenon that the corrugation gradually stabilizes. The traditional multi-body approach is found to overestimate the dynamic wheel-rail interaction on a corrugated rail.

钢轨波磨处高速轮轨滚动接触行为与波磨发展的模拟研究

为求解钢轨（短波）波磨处的高速轮轨瞬态滚动接触建立有限元模型，研究影响高速钢轨波磨发展的重要因素。 1. 求解不同牵引条件下轮轨间的瞬态法和切向滚动接触问题，并考虑真实轮轨几何和钢轨波磨，最高模拟速度达500 km/h；2. 基于模拟结果，解释了中国高速线路上发现的钢轨波磨很快稳定下来的现象。 1. 详细分析钢轨波磨处高速轮轨瞬态滚动接触的法、切向解以及由此导致的V-M等效应力和摩擦功沿轨面的波动；2. 变化波磨波长、波深及重要滚动参数如速度和牵引系数等，研究它们对波磨处滚动接触行为的影响；3. 对比上述有限元模型与传统多体动力模型在波磨处的法向轮轨力结果。 1. 法、切向轮轨力及法、切向接触应力均随着波磨几何呈周期性波动，但相位略有差异，V-M等效应力和摩擦功的波动形式接近切向接触应力；2. 牵引系数越大，波磨处V-M等效应力和摩擦功的波动范围越大；3. 名义参数下，对于所研究高铁系统，波长为80 mm左右、速度为250-300 km/h时波磨的动态响应最大，这与现场观测相符；4. 传统多体动力模型会高估钢轨波磨激励的法向轮轨力；5. 钢轨波磨会逐渐稳定下来，通过速度越高进入稳定越快。
高速钢轨波磨；轮轨滚动接触；车辆-轨道耦合动力学；牵引系数；显式有限元法

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