Similar articles

Abstract: In order to investigate the influencing factors of 5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF) content in Schisandra, confirm the theory of 5-HMF deriving mainly from Schisandra processing course, and give some suggestions about the Schisandra processing method, the 5-HMF contents in decoctions of Schisandra under different heating temperature, decocting time, soaking time, processing methods and treatment with different solvents before decocting the Schisandra were measured by RP-HPLC method. The results showed that there is great difference of 5-HMF level in decoctions from differently processed Schisandra and unprocessed Schisandra; decocting time of 60 min has some effects on 5-HMF level in decoctions and there is certain quantity 5-HMF in processed Schisandra itself and very little 5-HMF in unprocessed Schisandra. heating time, heating temperature and treating solvents all have effect on 5-HMF level in decoction of Schisandra. 5-HMF in Schisandra was mainly from processing course. Both long heating time and high heating temperature can increase 5-HMF level in Schisandra. The production of 5-HMF in Schisandra may have some relationships with some polar components, which can dissolve in water, ethanol and acetone, especially in ethanol. To control processing temperature, processing time and treatment with some solvent is very important for controlling 5-HMF level in Schisandra.

[1] Burdurlu, H.S., Karadeniz, F., 2003. Effect of storage on nonenzymatic browning of apple juice concentrates. Food Chem., 80(1):91-97.

[2] Castellari, M., Sartini, E., Spinabelli, U., Riponi, C., Galassi, S., 2001. Determination of carboxylic acids, carbohydrates, glycerol, ethanol and 5-HMF in beer by high-performance liquid chromatography and UV-refractive index double detection. J. Chromatogr. Sci., 39(6):235-238.

[3] Charlton, A.J., Farrington, W.H.H., Brereton, P., 2002. Application of ¹H NMR and multivariate statistics for screening complex mixtures: quality control and authenticity of instant coffee. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50(11):3098-3103.

[4] Chi, W., Zhang, C.B., Cao, Y.H., Guo, L.Y., 1998. Investigation of the restriction on the formation of 5-HMF. Spec. J. Pharm. People’s Mil. Surg., 14(2):101-104 (in Chinese).

[5] Ch.P.C. (China Pharmacopoeia Committee), 2005. Pharmacopoeia of the Peoples Republic of China (I). Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, p.43 (in Chinese).

[6] Dai, H.F., Zhou, J., Peng, Z.G., Tan, N.H., 2001. Studies on the chemical constituents of Schisandra chinensis. Nat. Prod. Res. Dev., 13(1):24-26 (in Chinese).

[7] García-Romero, E., Pérez-Coello, M.S., Sanz, J., Cabezudo, M.D., 1998. Quantitative analysis of the principal volatile compounds in oak wood by direct thermal desorption (DTD) and GC/MS. Analusis, 26(1):33-34.

[8] Hou, Y.C., Ching, H., Chao, P.D.L., Tsai, S.Y., Wen, K.C., Hsieh, P.H., Hsiu, S.L., 2005. Effects of glucose, fructose and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde on the presystemic metabolism and absorption of glycyrrhizin in rabbits. J. Pharmacy Pharmacol., 57(2):247-251.

[9] Janzowski, C., Glaab, V., Sammimi, E., Schlatte, R.J., Eisenbrand, G., 2000. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural: assessment of mutagenicity, DNA-damaging potential and reactivity towards cellular glutathione. Food Chemical Toxicol., 38(9):801-809.

[10] Khan, Q.A., Shamsi, F.A., Hadi, S.M., 1995. Mutagenicity of furfural in plasmid DNA. Cancer Lett., 89(1):95-99.

[11] Li, Y.H., Lu, X.Y., 2005. Investigation on the origin of 5-HMF in Shengmaiyin decoction by RP-HPLC method. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B, 6(10):1015-1021.

[12] Li, W., Zhang, X.M., Lu, Y., Yu, G.Q., Lu, J.P., Nan, Q.X., Chen, L.J., 2004. Browning-inhibition technology for low-lactose milk. Chin. Dairy Industry, 32(6):20-23 (in Chinese).

[13] Lo Coco, F., Valentini, C., Novelli, V., Ceccon, L., 1995. Liquid chromatographic determination of 2-furaldehyde and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde in beer. Anal. Chim. Acta, 306(1):57-64.

[14] Lu, G., Cao, W., Zheng, J.B., 2006. Effects of thermal treatment on 5-hydromethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF) contents in different floral honeys. J. Northwest Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.), 36(2):253-256 (in Chinese).

[15] Miyazawa, T., Funazukuri, T., 2006. Noncatalytic hydrolysis of guar gum under hydrothermal conditions. Carbohydr. Res., 341(7):870-877.

[16] Miyazawa, M., Anzai, J., Fujioka, J., Isikawa, Y., 2003. Insecticidal compounds against Drosophila melanogaster from Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc. Nat. Prod. Res., 17(5):337-339.

[17] Morales, F.J., Jimenez, P.S., 1999. HMF formation during heat-treatment of milk-type products as related to milkfat content. J. Food Sci., 64(5):855-859.

[18] Nozal, M.J., Bernal, J.L., Toribio, L., Jimenez, J.J., Martin, M.T., 2001. High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of methyl anthranilate, hydroxymethylfurfural and related compounds in honey. J. Chromatogr. A, 917(1-2):95-103.

[19] Palma, M., Taylor, L.T., 2001. Supercritical fluid extraction of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde from raisins. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49(2):628-632.

[20] Pamplona, R., Bellmunt, M.J., Portero, M., Riba, D., Prat, J., 1995. Chromatographic evidence for amadori product formation in rat liver aminophospholipids. Life Sci., 57(9):873-879.

[21] Poll, L., 1985. The influence of apple ripeness and juice storage temperature on the sensory evaluation and composition (volatile and non-volatile components) of apple juice. Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 18(4):205-211.

[22] Roig, M.G., Bello, J.F., Rivera, Z.S., Kennedy, J.F., 1999. Studies on the occurrence of non-enzymatic browning during storage of citrus juice. Food Res. Inter., 32(9):609-619.

[23] Sharma, V.K., Choi, J., Sharma, N., Choi, M., Seo, S.Y., 2004. In vitro anti-tyrosinase activity of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural isolated from Dictyophora indusiata. Phytother. Res., 18(10):841-844.

[24] Xu, B.D., Chen, K., Lin, W.J., Zhang, H.L., 2004. Comparative study on chemical components of supercitical extracts from Herba Ephedrae and honey-prepared Herba Ephedrae. J. Guangzhou Univ. TCM, 21(3):211-212 (in Chinese).

[25] Zhu, D.N., Li, Z.M., Yan, Y.Q., Zhu, J.G., 1998a. A research on chemical dynamic changes and drug efficacy of SMS compound prescription chemical researches on SMS prescription (II). Chin. J. Chin. Material Med., 23(5):291-293 (in Chinese).

[26] Zhu, D.N., YAN, Y.Q., LI, Z.M., 1998b. A research on chemical dynamic changes and drug efficacy of SMS compound prescription chemical researches on SMS prescription (III). Chin. J. Chin. Material Med., 23(8):483-485 (in Chinese).