Similar articles

Abstract: The influence of sandstorms on train aerodynamic performance and safe running was studied in response to the frequent occurrence of sandstorm weather in north China. An eulerian two-phase model in the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software FLUENT, validated with published data, was used to solve the gas-solid multiphase flow of a sandstorm around a train. The train aerodynamic performance under different sandstorm levels and no sand conditions was then simulated. Results showed that in sandstorm weather, the drag, lift, side forces and overturning moment increase by variable degrees. Based on a numerical analysis of aerodynamic characteristics, an equation of train stability was also derived using the theory of moment balance from the view of dynamics. A recommended speed limit of a train under different sandstorm levels was calculated based on the stability analysis.

[1]Baker, C.J., 2010. The simulation of unsteady aerodynamic cross wind forces on trains. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 98(2):88-99.

[2]Bezos, G.M., Dunham, R.E., Gentry, G.L., Melson, W.E., 1992. Wind Tunnel Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Transport-Type Airfoil in a Simulated Heavy Rain. Environment Technical Report, NASA Technical Paper, 3184:66-87.

[3]Chen, R.L., Zeng, Q.Y., Zhong, X.G., Xiang, J., Guo, X.G., Zhao, G., 2009. Numerical study on the restriction speed of train passing curved rail in cross wind. Journal of Science in China Series, 52(7):2037-2047.

[4]Ding, J.M., Gidaspow, D., 1990. A bubbling fluidization model using kinetic theory of granular flow. AIChE Journal, 36(4):523-538.

[5]Gao, G.J., Tian, H.Q., 2004. Effect of strong crosswind on the stability of trains running on the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway line. Journal of the China Railway Society, 26(4):36-41.

[6]Gao, G.J., Tian, H.Q., Miao, X.J., 2007. Research on the stability of box-car on Qinghai-Tibet Railway Line under strong cross wind. Science Paper Online, 2(9):684-987.

[7]Gidaspow, D., 1994. Multiphase Flow and Fluidization. Academic Press, Boston.

[8]Kuo, H.P., Knight, P.C., Tsuji, Y., 2002. The influence of DEM simulation parameters on the particle behaviour in a V-mixer. Chemical Engineering Science, 57:3621-3638.

[9]Lun, C.K.K., Savage, S.B., Jeffrey, D.J., Chepurniy, N., 1984. Kinetic theories for granular flow: inelastic particles in Couette flow and slightly inelastic particles in a general flowfield. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 140:223-256.

[10]Qiu, X.F., Zeng, Y., Miu, Q.L., 2011. Temporal-spatial distribution as well as tracks and source areas of sand-dust storms in China. Actageographica Sinica, 56(3):318-319.

[11]Sanquer, S.S., Barréa, C., de Virel, M.D., Cléon, L.M., 2004. Effect of cross winds on high-speed trains: development of a new experimental methodology. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 92(7-8):535-545.

[12]Shao, X.M., Wan, J., Chen, D.W., Xiong, H.B., 2011. Aerodynamic modeling and stability analysis of a high-speed train under strong rain and crosswind conditions. Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE-A (Applied Physics and Engineering), 12(12):964-970.

[13]Tian, H.Q., 2007. Train Aerodynamics. China Railway Publishing House, Beijing, China.

[14]Tian, H.Q., Liang, X.F., 1998. Test research on crossing air pressure pulse of quasi-high-speed train. Journal of the China Railway Society, 4(7):1-8.

[15]Tian, H.Q., Lu, Z.Z., 1999. Air tunnel test and research on the control car in 200 km/h electrical passenger train unit. Journal of the China Railway Society, 12(7):15-18.

[16]Tian, H.Q., He, D.X., 2001. 3-D numerical calculation of the air pressure pulse from two trains passing by each other. Journal of the China Railway Society, 23(3):18-22.

[17]Tian, H.Q., Gao, G.J., 2003. The analysis and evaluation on the aerodynamic behavior of 270 km/h high-speed train. Journal of the China Railway Society, 24(2):14-18.

[18]van Wachem, B.G.M., Schouten, J.C., Krishna, R., van den Bleek, C.M., 1998. Eulerian simulations of bubbling behaviour in gas-solid fluidised beds. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 22(Supp.):299-307.

[19]Wang, W., Fang, Z.Y., 2004. Review of duststorm weather and research progress. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science, 15(3):366-380.

[20]Wang, S.T., Wu, S.Z., 2009. Numerical Simulation of Drifting Sand Flow Field on High-Rise Buildings. MS Thesis, Lanzhou University, China (in Chinese).

[21]Watkinsa, S., Saundersa, J.W., Kumara, H., 1992. Aerodynamic drag reduction of goods trains. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 40(2):147-178.

[22]Zha, X.D., Fan, J.R., Sun, P., Cen, K.F., 2000. Numerical simulation on dense gas-particle riser flow. Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE, 1(1):29-38.

[23]Zhang, S.G., 2008. The CRH-2 High-Speed Train. China Railway Publishing House, Beijing, China.

[24]Zhang, M., Xiong, H.B., 2011. Effects of different components on the aerodynamics of high-speed train. Journal of Manufacturing Automation, 33(4):202-205.

[25]Zhang, X.L., Zhang, Y.F., 2011. Causes of sand-dust storm in northern China in recent years and its control. Journal of Catastrophology, 16(3):70-76.