Journal of Zhejiang University

Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 2014 Vol.15 No.5 P.409-411

Transcription: the epicenter of gene expression

Author(s): Jiannan Guo
Affiliation(s): 1. . Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Corresponding email(s): jiannan-guo@uiowa.edu
Key Words: Gene expression, Transcription, DNA, RNA

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Jiannan Guo. Transcription: the epicenter of gene expression[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2014, 15(5): 409-411.

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Abstract
Chinese Summary
Academic Network
Reviewer Comment

Abstract: The complexity of a living organism is not driven by gene number but gene regulation. Controlling which genes to express and to what extent dictates the subsequent cell identity. transcription, the critical initial stage in gene expression, is regulated delicately to maintain the cell status. Recent developments in the genomic approaches provided unparalleled coverage of the study of transcription. Still, basic molecular biology and biochemistry are providing mechanistic insights into how the regulation is achieved. In this feature “Regulation of transcription: mechanisms and biological functions”, the latest advances in epigenetics, mRNA processing, RNA quality control, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transactivation are discussed.

转录在基因表达中的重要性

本文概要：基因被认为是遗传信息的载体，但是生物体的复杂程度并不是由其所含基因数量决定的。基因表达的调控机制掌控着哪些遗传信息被使用，以及使用到何种程度。高等生物的复杂性正是这样实现的：一个人有各种不同器官，而其中的细胞中却携带着相同的基因。特定的基因被不同程度地表达导致了某些细胞发展成头发，某些细胞发展成手指等。基因表达的调控中，转录是初始的一个步骤，也是最关键的步骤之一。近二三十年来，分子生物学和生物化学的发展对研究转录的调控机制起到了重要的推动作用。调控的机理、调控的对象以及促使调控产生的信号，都在进行更深入和广泛的研究。

关键词：基因表达；转录；DNA；RNA