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Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 2020 Vol.21 No.6 P.474-484

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1900516


Effects of supplying silicon nutrient on utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by rice and its soil ecological mechanism in a hybrid rice double-cropping system


Author(s):  Min Liao, Zhi-Ping Fang, Yu-Qi Liang, Xiao-Hui Huang, Xu Yang, Shu-Sen Chen, Xiao-Mei Xie, Chang-Xu Xu, Jia-Wen Guo

Affiliation(s):  College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; more

Corresponding email(s):   liaomin@zju.edu.cn, xiexiaomei@zju.edu.cn

Key Words:  Silicon nutrient, Utilization rate of fertilizer, Ecological mechanism, Rice double-cropping system


Min Liao, Zhi-Ping Fang, Yu-Qi Liang, Xiao-Hui Huang, Xu Yang, Shu-Sen Chen, Xiao-Mei Xie, Chang-Xu Xu, Jia-Wen Guo. Effects of supplying silicon nutrient on utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by rice and its soil ecological mechanism in a hybrid rice double-cropping system[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2020, 21(6): 474-484.

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author="Min Liao, Zhi-Ping Fang, Yu-Qi Liang, Xiao-Hui Huang, Xu Yang, Shu-Sen Chen, Xiao-Mei Xie, Chang-Xu Xu, Jia-Wen Guo",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science B",
volume="21",
number="6",
pages="474-484",
year="2020",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.B1900516"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Effects of supplying silicon nutrient on utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by rice and its soil ecological mechanism in a hybrid rice double-cropping system
%A Min Liao
%A Zhi-Ping Fang
%A Yu-Qi Liang
%A Xiao-Hui Huang
%A Xu Yang
%A Shu-Sen Chen
%A Xiao-Mei Xie
%A Chang-Xu Xu
%A Jia-Wen Guo
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B
%V 21
%N 6
%P 474-484
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%D 2020
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.B1900516

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T1 - Effects of supplying silicon nutrient on utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by rice and its soil ecological mechanism in a hybrid rice double-cropping system
A1 - Min Liao
A1 - Zhi-Ping Fang
A1 - Yu-Qi Liang
A1 - Xiao-Hui Huang
A1 - Xu Yang
A1 - Shu-Sen Chen
A1 - Xiao-Mei Xie
A1 - Chang-Xu Xu
A1 - Jia-Wen Guo
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PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
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DOI - 10.1631/jzus.B1900516


Abstract: 
This study was conducted to reveal the effects of silicon (Si) application on nutrient utilization efficiency by rice and on soil nutrient availability and soil microorganisms in a hybrid rice double-cropping planting system. A series of field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018. The results showed that Si nutrient supply improved grain yield and the utilization rates of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to an appropriate level for both early and late plantings, reaching a maximum at 23.4 kg/ha Si. The same trends were found for the ratios of available N (AN) to total N (TN) and available P (AP) to total P (TP), the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), and the ratios of MBN to TN and MBP to TP, at different levels of Si. Statistical analysis further revealed that Si application enhanced rice growth and increased the utilization rate of fertilizer due to an ecological mechanism, i.e., Si supply significantly increased the total amount of soil microorganisms in paddy soil compared to the control. This promoted the mineralization of soil nutrients and improved the availability and reserves of easily mineralized organic nutrients.

硅养分补充对双季杂交稻系统水稻氮磷养分利用率的影响及其土壤生态机制

目的:揭示双季杂交稻系统中硅(Si)养分补充对水稻养分利用率与对土壤养分有效性影响的相应关系及其生态机制.
创新点:发现一定量的Si养分补充可提高稻田土壤氮(N)和磷(P)养分的有效性,并促进水稻根系对养分的吸收,从而提高水稻产量及肥料利用率.其核心生态机制是补充Si养分可显著增加稻田土壤的微生物总量,从而促进土壤养分同化固定,提高土壤中N和P的矿化以及易矿化的土壤微生物量氮(MBN)和土壤微生物量磷(MBP)的储备.
方法:2017和2018连续两年,在双季稻作区设计了系列田间试验,统一常规养分管理,于早稻和晚稻种植期间设置五个有效Si用量梯度处理(即 0(对照)、7.8、15.6、23.4和31.2 kg/ha Si),分析收获后的水稻生长性状(株高、籽粒产量、植株生物量等),水稻根、茎、叶和籽粒中N和P的含量,土壤有效态N和P的含量以及土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、MBN和MBP的含量,最后统计分析Si的供应与对水稻N和P养分利用率、土壤养分有效性、MBC、MBN和MBP的影响及其相互关系.
结论:Si养分补充可增加双季杂交稻系统土壤微生物总量,促进土壤养分同化固定,提高土壤养分的有效性以及易矿化的有机养分的储备,使得土壤养分易于被水稻根系吸收利用,从而提高水稻肥料利用率,促进水稻的生长发育,提高水稻产量.其中Si施用量为23.4 kg/ha时双季水稻产量及N和P肥利用率均达到最大值,此时土壤有效态氮与总氮比(AN/TN)、有效态磷与总磷比(AP/TP)以及MBN和MBP也均达到最大值.上述结果表明,通过Si养分补充可适当削减双季杂交稻系统因过多化学肥料投入带来的面源污染问题.

关键词:硅养分;肥料利用率;生态机制;双季稻系统

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

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