References
[1] Bakshi, A., Shimizu, S., Keck, C.A., 2006. Neural progenitor cells engineered to secrete GDNF show enhanced survival, neuronal differentiation and improve cognitive function following traumatic brain injury.
Eur J Neurosci, 23(8):2119-2134.


[2] Beohar, N., Rapp, J., Pandya, S., 2010. Rebuilding the damaged heart: the potential of cytokines and growth factors in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
J Am Coll Cardiol, 56(16):1287-1297.


[3] Burke, R.E., 2006. GDNF as a candidate striatal target-derived neurotrophic factor for the development of substantia nigra dopamine neurons.
Parkinsons Disease and Related Disorders, Springer-Verlag/Wien,:41-45.

[4] Cho, K.S., Park, S.H., Joo, S.H., 2010. The effects of IL-32 on the inflammatory activation of cultured rat primary astrocytes.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 402(1):48-53.


[5] Elliot, M.J., Maini, R.N., Feldmann, M., 2008. Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with chimeric monoclonal antibodies to tumor necrosis factor α.
Arthritis Rheum, 58(S2):S92-S101.


[6] Foltynie, T., Kahan, J., 2013. Parkinson’s disease: an update on pathogenesis and treatment.
J Neurol, 260(5):1433-1440.


[7] Gill, S.S., Patel, N.K., Hotton, G.R., 2003. Direct brain infusion of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in Parkinson disease.
Nat Med, 9(5):589-595.


[8] Golan, M., Schreiber, G., Avissar, S., 2011. Antidepressants elevate GDNF expression and release from C
6 glioma cells in a β-arrestin1-dependent, CREB interactive pathway.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 14(10):1289-1300.


[9] Grundstrm, E., Lindholm, D., Johansson, A., 2000. GDNF but not BDNF is increased in cerebrospinal fluid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
NeuroReport, 11(8):1781-1783.


[10] Hebb, A.O., Hebb, K., Ramachandran, A.C., 2003. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-supplemented hibernation of fetal ventral mesencephalic neurons for transplantation in Parkinson disease: long-term storage.
J Neurosurg, 98(5):1078-1083.


[11] Heckmann, L., Fiedler, J., Mattes, T., 2008. Interactive effects of growth factors and three-dimensional scaffolds on multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells.
Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 49(3):185-194.


[12] Hidalgo-Figueroa, M., Bonilla, S., Gutierrez, F., 2012. GDNF is predominantly expressed in the PV+ neostriatal interneuronal ensemble in normal mouse and after injury of the nigrostriatal pathway.
J Neurosci, 32(3):864-872.


[13] Hisaoka, K., Maeda, N., Tsuchioka, M., 2008. Antidepressants induce acute CREB phosphorylation and CRE-mediated gene expression in glial cells: a possible contribution to GDNF production.
Brain Res, 1196:53-58.


[14] Lang, A.E., Gill, S., Patel, N.K., 2006. Randomized controlled trial of intraputamenal glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor infusion in Parkinson disease.
Ann Neurol, 59(3):459-466.


[15] Li, Z., Cui, Z., 2014. Three-dimensional perfused cell culture.
Biotechnol Adv, 32(2):243-254.


[16] Lo, W.C., Hsu, C.H., Wu, A.T., 2008. A novel cell-based therapy for contusion spinal cord injury using GDNF-delivering NIH
3T
3 cells with dual reporter genes monitored by molecular imaging.
J Nucl Med, 49(9):1512-1519.


[17] Matsushita, Y., Nakajima, K., Tohyama, Y., 2008. Activation of microglia by endotoxin suppresses the secretion of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) through the action of protein kinase c α (PKCα) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs).
J Neurosci Res, 86(9):1959-1971.


[18] Minnich, J.E., Mann, S.L., Stock, M., 2010. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) gene delivery protects cortical neurons from dying following a traumatic brain injury.
Restor Neurol Neurosci, 28(3):293-309.


[19] Nielsen, J., Gotfryd, K., Li, S., 2009. Role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) interactions in induction of neurite outgrowth and identification of a binding site for ncam in the heel region of GDNF.
J Neurosci, 29(36):11360-11376.


[20] Ortiz-Ortiz, M.A., Moran, J.M., Ruiz-Mesa, L.M., 2011. Protective effect of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on human mesencephalic neuron-derived cells against neurotoxicity induced by paraquat.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol, 31(1):129-136.


[21] Parsadanian, A., Pan, Y., Li, W., 2006. Astrocyte-derived transgene GDNF promotes complete and long-term survival of adult facial motoneurons following avulsion and differentially regulates the expression of transcription factors of AP-1 and ATF/CREB families.
Exp Neurol, 200(1):26-37.


[22] Patel, N.K., Bunnage, M., Plaha, P., 2005. Intraputamenal infusion of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in PD: a two-year outcome study.
Ann Neurol, 57(2):298-302.


[23] Sale, P., de Pandis, M.F., Vimercati, S.L., 2013. The relation between Parkinson’s disease and ageing. Comparison of the gait patterns of young Parkinson’s disease subjects with healthy elderly subjects.
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 49(2):161-167.

[24] Schenck, M., Borgermann, C., vom Dorp, F., 2007. Proapoptotic antibodies as new anticancer drugs.
Der Urologe, (in German),46(9):1262-1265.


[25] Shingo, T., Date, I., Yoshida, H., 2002. Neuroprotective and restorative effects of intrastriatal grafting of encapsulated GDNF-producing cells in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease.
J Neurosci Res, 69(6):946-954.


[26] Sun, M., Kong, L., Wang, X., 2005. Comparison of the capability of GDNF, BDNF, or both, to protect nigrostriatal neurons in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease.
Brain Res, 1052(2):119-129.


[27] Tanaka, Y., Ogasawara, T., Asawa, Y., 2008. Growth factor contents of autologous human sera prepared by different production methods and their biological effects on chondrocytes.
Cell Biol Int, 32(5):505-514.


[28] Tokutake, T., Ishikawa, A., Yoshimura, N., 2014. Clinical and neuroimaging features of patient with early-onset Parkinson’s disease with dementia carrying SNCA p.G51d mutation.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 20(2):262-264.


[29] von Frenckell, C., Malaise, M.G., 2012. Targeted therapy in inflammatory disease: cytokines.
Rev Med Liege, 67:22-28.

[30] Wu, X., Chen, P.S., Dallas, S., 2008. Histone deacetylase inhibitors up-regulate astrocyte GDNF and BDNF gene transcription and protect dopaminergic neurons.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol, 11(8):1123-1134.


[31] Yasuhara, T., Shingo, T., Muraoka, K., 2005. Early transplantation of an encapsulated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-producing cell demonstrating strong neuroprotective effects in a rat model of Parkinson disease.
J Neurosurg, 102(1):80-89.


[32] Yasuhara, T., Shingo, T., Date, I., 2007. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) therapy for Parkinson’s disease.
Acta Med Okayama, 61(2):51-56.

[33] Zesiewicz, T.A., Sullivan, K.L., Hauser, R.A., 2007. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson’s disease: epidemiology, etiology, and treatment.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep, 7(4):302-310.


[34] Zuo, D.Q., Cai, Z.D., 2013. Progress in three-dimensional cell culture techniques and its application in bone tumor research.
Chin J Oncol, (in Chinese),35(9):641-644.
Open peer comments: Debate/Discuss/Question/Opinion
<1>