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Abstract: autophagy is an intracellular degradation process that maintains cellular homeostasis. It is essential for protecting organisms from environmental stress. autophagy can help the host to eliminate invading pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. However, pathogens have evolved multiple strategies to interfere with autophagic signaling pathways or inhibit the fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes to form autolysosomes. Moreover, host cell matrix degradation by different types of autophagy can be used for the proliferation and reproduction of pathogens. Thus, determining the roles and mechanisms of autophagy during pathogen infections will promote understanding of the mechanisms of pathogen‍‒‍host interactions and provide new strategies for the treatment of infectious diseases.

自噬和病原微生物的攻坚战

概要：自噬是机体一种主动的细胞防御系统，可积极应对病原微生物感染，如细菌、病毒、真菌和寄生虫，直接清除它们或通过调节固有免疫和适应性免疫反应来杀灭它们。同时，当细胞自噬被触发时，病原体也可通过逃避或利用自噬来促进自身的生存。本文对病原微生物改变自噬信号通路的多种策略进行了介绍；总结了关于细菌、病毒、真菌和寄生虫等病原微生物与宿主细胞内自噬发生复杂相互作用的最新研究进展；探讨了自噬在病原性感染过程中的作用和机制。自噬在病原感染中的作用特点在于：自噬不仅在病原体与机体抗感染相互作用方面存在着双重调节作用，而且自噬的效果取决于细胞类型、病原体特征和所处的微环境。病原感染过程中自噬作用和机制的阐明将促进人们对病原体-宿主相互作用机制的深入理解，并可进一步为传染病的防治提供新策略。

关键词：自噬；病原微生物；细菌；病毒；真菌；寄生虫

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