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Bio-Design and Manufacturing  2021 Vol.4 No.4 P.689-716

http://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-021-00150-7


Organoids: anovel modality indisease modeling


Author(s):  ZahraHeydari, FaridehMoeinvaziri, TarunAgarwal, PariaPooyan, AnastasiaShpichka, TapasK.Maiti, PeterTimashev, HosseinBaharvand, MassoudVosough

Affiliation(s):  Department ofStem Cells andDevelopmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute forStem Cell Biology andTechnology, ACECR, Tehran14155-4364, Iran; more

Corresponding email(s):   timashev_p_s@staf.sechenov.ru, baharvand@Royaninstitute.org, masvos@Royaninstitute.org

Key Words:  Organoid, Germ layer, Disease modeling, Drug screening


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ZahraHeydari, FaridehMoeinvaziri, TarunAgarwal, PariaPooyan, AnastasiaShpichka, TapasK.Maiti, PeterTimashev, HosseinBaharvand, MassoudVosough. Organoids: anovel modality indisease modeling[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science D, 2021, 4(4): 689-716.

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journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science D",
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pages="689-716",
year="2021",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1007/s42242-021-00150-7"
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Abstract: 
Limitations of monolayer culture conditions have motivated scientists to explore new models that can recapitulate the architecture and function of human organs more accurately. Recent advances in the improvement of protocols have resulted in establishing three-dimensional (3D) organ-like architectures called organoids that can display the characteristics of their corresponding real organs, including morphological features, functional activities, and personalized responses to specifc pathogens. We discuss diferent organoid-based 3D models herein, which are classifed based on their original germinal layer. Studies of organoids simulating the complexity of real tissues could provide novel platforms and opportunities for generating practical knowledge along with preclinical studies, including drug screening, toxicology, and molecular pathophysiology of diseases. This paper also outlines the key challenges, advantages, and prospects of current organoid systems.

莫斯科国立谢东诺夫第一医科大学Timashev等 | 类器官:疾病建模中的一种新模式

本综述论文聚焦类器官在构建多种器官中的疾病模型上的应用。单层培养条件的局限性促使科学家探索可以更准确表征人体器官的结构和功能的新模型。最近,制造方法上的改进使得构建三维(3D)类似器官结构,称为“类器官”,成为可能;类器官可以体现其对应真实器官的特征,包括形态特征、功能活动和对特定病原体的个性化反应。本文讨论了不同的基于类器官的3D模型,并根据他们的原始生发层进行分类。模拟真实组织复杂性的类器官研究可以为产生实践知识以及临床前研究提供新的平台和机会,包括药物筛选、毒理学和疾病的分子病理生理学。本文还概述了当前类器官系统遇到的主要挑战,优势和前景。

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