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Abstract: triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS)-based bone implants are an innovative approach in orthopedic implantology, offer? ing customized solutions for bone defect repair and regeneration. This review comprehensively examines the current re? search landscape of TPMS-based bone implants, addressing key challenges and proposing future directions. It explores de? sign strategies aimed at optimizing mechanical strength and enhancing biological integration, with a particular emphasis on TPMS structures. These design strategies include graded, hierarchical, and hybrid designs, each contributing to the overall functionality and performance of the implants. This review also highlights state-of-the-art fabrication technologies, particu? larly advancements in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for creating metal-based, polymer-based, and ceramic-based bone implants. The ability to precisely control the architecture of TPMS structures using AM techniques is crucial for tailor? ing the mechanical and biological properties of such implants. Furthermore, this review critically evaluates the biological per? formance of TPMS implants, focusing on their potential to promote bone ingrowth and regeneration. Key factors, such as mechanical properties, permeability, and biocompatibility, are examined to determine the effectiveness of these implants in clinical applications. By synthesizing existing knowledge and proposing innovative research directions, this review under? scores the transformative potential of TPMS-based bone implants in orthopedic surgery. The objective is to improve clinical outcomes and enhance patient care through advanced implant designs and manufacturing techniques.