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On-line Access: 2024-08-27

Received: 2023-10-17

Revision Accepted: 2024-05-08

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Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B 2013 Vol.14 No.6 P.496-504

http://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1200332


Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 266 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage in Hangzhou, China


Author(s):  Yun-zhen Hu, Jian-wen Wang, Ben-yan Luo

Affiliation(s):  Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; more

Corresponding email(s):   benyanluo@163.com

Key Words:  Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), Epidemiology, Clinical characteristics, Risk factor, Outcome


Yun-zhen Hu, Jian-wen Wang, Ben-yan Luo. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 266 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage in Hangzhou, China[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2013, 14(6): 496-504.

@article{title="Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 266 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage in Hangzhou, China",
author="Yun-zhen Hu, Jian-wen Wang, Ben-yan Luo",
journal="Journal of Zhejiang University Science B",
volume="14",
number="6",
pages="496-504",
year="2013",
publisher="Zhejiang University Press & Springer",
doi="10.1631/jzus.B1200332"
}

%0 Journal Article
%T Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 266 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage in Hangzhou, China
%A Yun-zhen Hu
%A Jian-wen Wang
%A Ben-yan Luo
%J Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B
%V 14
%N 6
%P 496-504
%@ 1673-1581
%D 2013
%I Zhejiang University Press & Springer
%DOI 10.1631/jzus.B1200332

TY - JOUR
T1 - Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 266 cases of intracerebral hemorrhage in Hangzhou, China
A1 - Yun-zhen Hu
A1 - Jian-wen Wang
A1 - Ben-yan Luo
J0 - Journal of Zhejiang University Science B
VL - 14
IS - 6
SP - 496
EP - 504
%@ 1673-1581
Y1 - 2013
PB - Zhejiang University Press & Springer
ER -
DOI - 10.1631/jzus.B1200332


Abstract: 
Ethnicity and socioeconomic factors can influence disease susceptibility, clinical presentation, and outcome. We investigated the clinical characteristics (age, sex, seasonal variation, lesion site, symptoms, complications, prognosis, and sequelae) and risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in 266 cases treated at our hospital in Hangzhou City, China, from January 2011 to December 2011. Risk of ICH increased dramatically with age; only 4.3% of cases were <30 years old, while 44.4% were >60 years of age. Men outnumbered women by 2:1 (67.3% vs. 32.7%). Single hemorrhage was most often located in the cerebral lobes (37.2% of cases), basal ganglia (34.2%), thalamus (8.3%), cerebellum (6.8%), ventricle (1.5%), and brainstem (1.1%), while 10.9% of cases exhibited hemorrhages at multiple sites. Hypertension was also a major risk factor for ICH, as 47% of all patients were hypertensive and the percentage increased with age. In hypertensive patients, the most common hemorrhage site was the basal ganglia and ICH was often associated with thrombopenia. In patients with leukemia (all forms), most hemorrhages were lobar. Warfarin- and encephalic operation-associated ICHs were all lobar. Headache was the major symptom of occipital, temporal, and frontal lobe hemorrhage. Dizziness, nausea, and vomiting were the major symptoms of cerebellum hemorrhage. Limb dysfunction was the major symptom of thalamic and basal ganglia hemorrhage. Disturbed level of consciousness was the major symptom in multisite, ventricular, parietal lobe, and brainstem hemorrhage. Hyperspasmia occurred most often in lobar hemorrhage and blurred vision in occipital lobe hemorrhage. Hospital mortality was 24.4% (n=65) with a mean delay from presentation to death of (10.5±18.5) d. The majority of fatalities were cerebral hernia cases (58.5%) and these patients also had the shortest time to death [(2.9±3.5) d]. Mortality was 100% in brainstem ICH and hemorrhagic conversion of cerebral infarct. Thrombopenia-associated ICH also had a high mortality rate (81.0%), while patients with cerebrovascular malformations and cerebral aneurysms demonstrated a much better prognosis (46.2% recovery).

Darkslateblue:Affiliate; Royal Blue:Author; Turquoise:Article

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